1Medium13 marks
Explain the present status of food and nutrition security in India.
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76 questions from the UPSC 2016 examination.
76 questions
Explain the present status of food and nutrition security in India.
Explain the effect of concentration of enzyme on its activity. Give different methods for regulating the enzymic activity.
Differentiate between rainfed and irrigated agriculture. List out the major problems of rainfed agriculture. Describe the various soil moisture conservation measures to boost crop production in rainfed farming.
Explain Intellectual Property Rights. Give the present status of IPR in relation to agriculture.
Red flour beetle and Angoumois grain moth
(a) Differentiate between rainfed and irrigated agriculture. List out the major problems of rainfed agriculture. 20 marks (b) Discuss the various methods of evaluation of extension programmes. 20 marks (c) Describe the concept of market intelligence and explain the various problems in agricultural marketing system in India. 10 marks
Horizontal and vertical resistance
Give an account of mechanism of protein synthesis. Compare it with prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
What do you mean by the terms remote sensing and GIS ? What are their applications in agriculture and forestry ?
Explain the connection between anaerobic and aerobic respiration.
What are the important principles of farm management ?
Given the seed from a male sterile line of corn, how would you determine if the sterility is genetic or cytoplasmic?
Explain oxidative decarboxylation citing suitable example.
Vascular wilt and xylem wilt
Differentiate between soil fertility and soil productivity. What is meant by the organic matter content of good agricultural soil ? Compare it with that of forest soil. Suggest ways to maintain soil organic matter content and improve crop productivity.
Explain the critical period of crop-weed competition with suitable examples.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) vs Integrated Nutrient Management (INM)
Describe the package of practices for raising a short duration pigeon pea. Discuss good agricultural practices (GAP) and their implications.
Discuss sterility systems used in hybrid seed production. Briefly mention chemically induced male sterility.
Explain various soil conservation methods and integrated watershed management approach. What is soil erosion ? Discuss the methods of managing soil erosion.
What are the special schemes for providing food grains to underprivileged, destitutes and malnourished populations?
Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) What are the important new varieties of carnation? (b) Explain the connection between anaerobic and aerobic respiration. (c) Compare the inoculative and augmentative releases of natural enemies for biological control of pests. (d) Discuss the strength and weakness of public distribution system in the country. (e) Describe the procedure of tissue culture for multiplying new cultivars of gladiolus. [10x5=50 marks]
(a) Discuss the mechanism of fixation of minimum support prices of agricultural products. 10 marks (b) Discuss the significance of quality of irrigation water and rain-water harvesting for crop productivity. 20 marks (c) Explain how industrial effluents affect soil and water pollution. 20 marks
(a) List out the criteria for essentiality of nutrients. Differentiate between essential, beneficial and functional elements in plant nutrition. How are these nutrient elements absorbed by the plants? 20 marks (b) Differentiate between soil fertility and soil productivity. What is meant by the organic matter content of good agricultural soil? 20 marks (c) What do you mean by the terms remote sensing and GIS? 10 marks
Explain the mechanism of absorption of salts. Give potassium, calcium and iron deficiency symptoms in plants.
List out the criteria for essentiality of nutrients. Differentiate between essential, beneficial and functional elements in plant nutrition. How are these nutrient elements absorbed by the plants?
Ionizing radiations and insect control
Discuss the practical applications of mutations in wheat, rice and barley. Name two varieties of wheat released by the use of induced mutations in India.
Discuss the sui generis protection of traditional knowledge.
Define 'pure lines' along with their characteristics. How are they used in crop improvement?
Explain how industrial effluents affect soil and water pollution. What measures can be taken to reduce this impact ?
Describe the procedure of tissue culture for multiplying new cultivars of gladiolus.
(a) Define agricultural extension. Differentiate between extension education and formal education. 20 marks (b) Explain various soil conservation methods and integrated watershed management approach. 20 marks (c) What are the important principles of farm management? 10 marks
Write a brief note on the importance of pulses for sustainable future. Describe the international pulse year with its main objectives and strategies to enhance the production and availability of pulses.
Answer the following questions: (a) What are the special schemes for providing food grains to underprivileged, destitutes and malnourished populations? (b) Explain the production technology for commercial cultivation of marigold and aster flowers. (c) Why are the concepts of economic threshold and economic injury levels important in IPM? (d) Explain the phenomenon of passive absorption and give the factors affecting the rate of absorption of water. [12.5x4=50 marks]
Answer the following questions: (a) How does maturity control the post-harvest quality and storage life of fruits? (b) Explain the present status of food and nutrition security in India. (c) Discuss plant disease occurrence, epidemics and IDM. (d) Explain the effect of concentration of enzyme on its activity. [12.5x4=50 marks]
Briefly describe the various types of forestry plantations like social forestry, agroforestry and natural forests. What methods are employed for propagation of forest plants ?
Give evidences supporting translocation of organic solutes in phloem. Explain Ringing experiment.
Discuss the strength and weakness of public distribution system in the country.
Discuss the importance of gene pyramiding and gene introgression in developing disease-resistant cultivars.
Kisan Credit Card
Explain the phenomenon of passive absorption and give the factors affecting the rate of absorption of water.
Discuss the various methods of evaluation of extension programmes. Discuss the significance of Self-Help Groups for rural development, with successful examples.
Fertigation vs Herbigation
Define 'general combining ability'. Explain the genetic basis and methods for estimating SCA in diallel mating system.
(a) Write a brief note on the importance of pulses for sustainable future. 20 marks (b) Describe the package of practices for raising a short duration pigeon pea. 20 marks (c) Explain the critical period of crop-weed competition with suitable examples. 10 marks
Farming system vs Mixed farming
What are the important new varieties of carnation? Explain the importance of pinching operation for producing quality carnation.
Discuss the global initiatives and international conventions on climate change. What does NICRA stand for ? What are the initiatives taken by the Indian Government in this regard ?
Answer the following questions: (a) Define 'general combining ability'. Explain the genetic basis and methods for estimating SCA in diallel mating system. (b) What are the genetic consequences of self- and cross-pollination? (c) Discuss the sui generis protection of traditional knowledge. (d) How is water absorbed by land plants? [12.5x4=50 marks]
Farm planning and Farm management
Explain the production technology for commercial cultivation of marigold and aster flowers.
Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras
List out the factors affecting efficacy of herbicides.
Answer the following questions: (a) Discuss the practical applications of mutations in wheat, rice and barley. (b) Give an account of mechanism of protein synthesis. (c) Explain formal and informal seed supply systems in India. (d) Differentiate between transpiration and guttation. [12.5x4=50 marks]
Phytostabilisation
Describe the following in not more than 150 words each: (a) Agroforestry and Agrostology 10 marks (b) Integrated Pest Management (IPM) vs Integrated Management (INM) 10 marks (c) Farming system vs Mixed farming 10 marks (d) Decoy crop vs Trap crop 10 marks (e) Fertigation vs Herbigation 10 marks [10x5=50 marks]
Describe the concept of market intelligence and explain the various problems in agricultural marketing system in India.
What are the genetic consequences of self- and cross-pollination?
Describe the following in not more than 150 words each: (a) Protected agriculture 10 marks (b) Phytostabilisation 10 marks (c) Role of Krishi Vigyan Kendras 10 marks (d) Farm planning and Farm management 10 marks (e) Kisan Credit Card 10 marks [10x5=50 marks]
Elaborate Mendel's law of 'independent assortment' by giving suitable example.
How does maturity control the post-harvest quality and storage life of fruits? Give maturity indices for some fruits and vegetables.
Answer the following questions in about 150 words each: (a) Elaborate Mendel's law of independent assortment by giving suitable example. (b) Define 'pure lines' along with their characteristics. (c) Explain Intellectual Property Rights. (d) Explain the mechanism of absorption of salts. (e) Discuss sterility systems used in hybrid seed production. [10x5=50 marks]
Discuss plant disease occurrence, epidemics and IDM.
Discuss the significance of quality of irrigation water and rain-water harvesting for crop productivity. Describe how irrigation is scheduled in the critical stage of crop growth.
Answer the following questions: (a) Explain oxidative decarboxylation citing suitable example. (b) Give evidences supporting translocation of organic solutes in phloem. (c) Given the seed from a male sterile line of corn, how would you determine if the sterility is genetic or cytoplasmic? (d) Discuss the importance of gene pyramiding and gene introgression in developing disease-resistant cultivars. [12.5x4=50 marks]
(a) Discuss the global initiatives and international conventions on climate change. What does NICRA stand for? 20 marks (b) Briefly describe the various types of plantations like social forestry, agroforestry and natural forests. 20 marks (c) List out the factors affecting efficacy of herbicides. 10 marks
How is water absorbed by land plants? Explain various external conditions affecting water absorption by roots.
Why are the concepts of economic threshold and economic injury levels important in IPM?
Decoy crop vs Trap crop
Define agricultural extension. Differentiate between extension education and formal education. Discuss its importance in agricultural development.
Protected agriculture
Write notes on the following: (a) Horizontal and vertical resistance (b) Ionizing radiations and insect control (c) Vascular wilt and xylem wilt (d) Red flour beetle and Angoumois grain moth [12.5x4=50 marks]
Explain formal and informal seed supply systems in India.
Differentiate between transpiration and guttation. Why permanent wilting takes place?
Compare the inoculative and augmentative releases of natural enemies for biological control of pests.