CSAT UPSC PYQ 2016

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.We are witnessing a dangerous dwindling of biodiversity in our food supply. The green revolution is a mixed blessing. Over time farmers have come to rely heavily on broadly adapted, high yield crops to the exclusion of varieties adapted to the local conditions. Monocropping vast fields, with the same genetically uniform seeds helps boost yield and meet immediate hunger needs. Yet high-yield varieties are also genetically weaker crops that require expensive chemical fertilizers and toxic pesticides. In our focus on increasing the amount of food we produce today, we have accidentally put ourselves at risk for food shortages in future.Which among the following is the most logical and critical inference that can be made form the above passage?

With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made:1. Some climate-energy models suggest that the use of biomass as a fuel for power generation helps in mitigating greenhouse gas emissions2. It is not possible to use biomass as a fuel for power generation without disrupting food and forest resourcesWhich of these assumptions is/are valid?

Who is the artist?

Which one of the following is the essential message implied by this passage?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.By killing transparency and competition, crony capitalism is harmful to free enterprise, opportunity and economic growth. Crony capitalism, where rich and the influential are alleged to have received land and natural resources and various licenses in return for payoffs to venal politicians, is now a major issue to be tackled. One of the greatest dangers to growth of developing economies like India is the middle-income trap where crony capitalism creates oligarchies that slow down the growth.Which among the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.About 15 per cent of global greenhouse gas emissions come from agricultural practices. This includes nitrous oxide from fertilizers; methane from livestock, rice production, and manure storage; and carbon dioxide (CO 2) from burning biomass, but this excluded CO 2 emissions from soil management practices, savannah burning and deforestation. Forestry, land use, and land-use change account for another 17 per cent of greenhouse gas emissions each year, three quarters of which come from tropical deforestation. The remainder is largely from draining and burning tropical peatland. About the same amount of carbon is stored in the world's peatlands as is stored in the Amazon rainforest.Which among the following is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.In the last decade, the banking sector has been restructured with a high degree of automation and products that mainly serve middle-class and upper middle-class society. Today there is a need for a new agenda for the banking and non-banking financial services that does not exclude the common man.Which one of the following is the message that is essentially implied in the above passage?

According to the above passage, which of the following are the fundamental solutions for the world food security problem?1. Setting up more agro-based industries2. Improving the price affordability by the poor3. Regulating the conditions of marketing4. Providing food subsidy to one and allSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

‘European Stability Mechanism’, sometimes seen in the news, is an: [2016]

In aid of charity, every student in a class contributes as many rupees as the number of students in that class. With the additional contribution of Rs. 2 by one student only, the total collection is Rs. 443. Then how many students are there in the class?

A recent movie titled The Man Who Knew Infinity is based on the biography of: [2016]

Consider the following statements:1. The rate of population growth is increasing in the country2. The death rate is declining faster in the country compared to birth rate3. The birth rate is declining faster in the country compared to death rate4. Rural-urban migration is taking place regularly in the countryWhich one of the following conclusions may be true in the light of the above facts?

A cube has all its faces painted with different colours. It is cut into smaller cubes of equal sizes such that the side of the small cube is one-fourth the big cube. The number of small cubes with only one of the sides painted is:

According to the passage, which of the following factor/factors led to the adverse consequences for governance/public administration ?1. Inability of civil services to strike a balance between internal and external accountability2. Lack of sufficient professional training to the officers of All India Services3. Lack of proper service benefits in civil services4. Lack of Constitutional provisions to define the respective roles of professional civil services vis-a-vis political executive in this contextSelect the correct answer using the code given below

Who is the spouse of R?

Ram and Shyam work on a job together for four days and complete 60% of it. Ram takes leave then and Shyam works for eight more days to complete the job. How long would Ram take to complete the entire job alone?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.An increase in human-made carbon dioxide in the atmosphere could initiate a chain reaction between plants and microorganisms that would unsettle one of the largest reservoirs on the planet - soil. In a study, it was found that the soil, which contains twice the amount of carbon present in all plants and Earth's atmosphere combined, could become increasingly volatile as people add more carbon dioxide to the atmosphere. This is largely because of increased plant growth. Although a greenhouse gas and a pollutant, carbon dioxide also supports plant growth. As trees and other vegetation flourish in a carbon dioxide-rich future, their roots could stimulate microbial activity in soil that may in turn accelerate the decomposition of soil carbon and its release into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide.Which among the following is the most logical corollary to the above passage?

In a class of 60 students, where the number of girls is twice of boys, Kamal, a boy, ranked seventeenth from the top. If there are 9 girls ahead of Kamal, the numbe of boys in rank after him is:

A cylindrical overhead tank of radius 2 m and height 7 m is to be filled from an underground tank of size 5.5 m × 4 m × 6 m. How much portion of the underground tank is still filled water after filling the overhead tank completely?

According to the passage, which one of the following is not a means of enhancing internal accountability of civil services?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.Climate adaptation may be rendered ineffective if policies are not designed in the context of other development concerns. For instance, a comprehensive strategy that seeks to improve food security in the context of climate change may include a set of coordinated measures related to agricultural extension, crop diversification, integrated water and pest management and agricultural information service. Some of these measures may have to do with climate changes and others with economic development.What is the most logical and rational inference that can be made from the above passage?

30 g of sugar was mixed in 180 ml water in a vessel A, 40 g of sugar was mixed in 280 ml of water in vessel B and 20 g of sugar was mixed in 100 ml of water in vessel C. The solution in vessel B is:

If R and S are different integers both divisible by 5, then which of the following is not necessarily true?

The average monthly income of a person in a certain family of 5 is Rs. 10,000. What will be the average monthly income of a person in the same family if the income of one person increased by Rs. 1,20,000 per year?

According to the above passage, which of the following helps/help reducing hunger and starvation in the developing economies? 1. Balancing demand and supply of food 2. Increasing imports of food 3. Increasing purchasing power of the poor 4. Changing the food consumption pattern and practices

A ate grapes and pineapple; B ate grapes and oranges; C ate oranges, pineapple and apple; D ate grapes, apple and pineapple. After taking fruits, B and C fell sick.In the light of the above facts, it can be said that the cause of sickness was:

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only."The conceptual difficulties in National Income comparisons between underdeveloped and industrialised countries are particularly serious because a part of the national output in various underdeveloped countries is produced without passing through the commercial channels."In the above statement, the author implies that:

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.All humans digest mother's milk as infants, but until cattle began being domesticated 10,000 years ago, children once weaned no longer needed to digest milk. As a result, they stopped making the enzyme lactase, which breaks down the sugar lactose into simple sugars. After humans began herding cattle, it became tremendously advantageous to digest milk, and lactose tolerance evolved independently among cattle herders in Europe, the middle East and Africa. Groups not dependent on cattle, such as the Chinese and Thai, remain lactose intolerant.Which among the following is the most logical assumption that can be made from the above passage?

The total emoluments of two persons are the same, but one gets allowances to the extent of 65% of his basic pay and the other gets allowances to the extent of 80% of his basic pay. The ratio of the basic pay of the former to the basic pay of the letter is :

Four friends A, B, C and D need to cross a bridge. A maximum two persons can cross it at a time. It is night and they just have one lamp. Persons that cross the bridge must carry the lamp to find the way. A pair must walk together at the speed of slower person. After crossing the bridge, the person having faster speed in the pair will return with the lamp each time to accompany another person in the group. Finally, the lamp has to be returned at the original place and the person who returns the lamp has to cross the bridge again without lamp. To cross the bridge, the time taken by them is as follows: A :1 minute, B : 2 minutes, C : 7 minutes and D : 10 minutes. What is the total minimum time required by all the friends to cross the bridge?

There are some nectar-filled flowers on a tree and some bees are hovering on it. If one bee lands on each flower, one bee will be left out. If two bees land on each flower, one flower be left out. The number of flowers and bees respectively are :

A daily train is to be introduced between station A and station B starting from each end at 6 AM and the journey is to be completed in 42 hours. What is the number of trains needed in order to maintain the shuttle service?

Recently, linking of which of the following rivers was undertaken? [2016]

A class start at 11:00 am and lasts till 2:27 pm. Four periods of equal duration are held during this interval. After every period, a rest of 5 minutes is given to the students. The exact duration of each period is:

What is/are the present constraint/constraints in using biomass as fuel for power generation?1. Lack of sustainable supply of biomass2. Biomass production competes with food production3. Bio-energy may not always be low carbon on a life-cycle basisSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.Understanding of the role of biodiversity in the hydrological cycle enables better policymaking. The term biodiversity refers to the variety of plants, animals, microorganisms, and the ecosystems in which they occur. Water and biodiversity are interdependent. In reality, the hydrological cycle decides how biodiversity functions. In turn, vegetation and soil drive the movement of water. Every glass of water we drink has, at least in part, passed through fish, trees, bacteria, soil and other organisms. Passing through these ecosystems, it is cleansed and made fit for consumption. The supply of water is a critical service that the environment provides.Which among the following is the most critical inference that can be made from the above passage?

A person allows a 10% discount for each payment from the marked price of a toy and still he makes a 10% gain. What is the cost price of the toy which is marked Rs. 770?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.The nature of the legal imperatives in any given state corresponds to the effective demands that state encounters, and that these, in their turn, depend, in a general way, upon the manner in which economic power is distributed in the society which the state controls.The statement refers to:

Doctors Without Borders (Médecins Sans Frontières), often in the news, is: [2016]

Who is the lawyer?

In the context of using biomass, which of the following is/are the characteristic/characteristics of the sustainable production of biofuel?1. Biomass as a fuel for power generation could meet all the primary energy requirements of the world by 20502. Biomass as a fuel for power generation does not necessarily disrupt food and forest resources3. Biomass as a fuel for power generation could help in achieving negative emissions, given certain nascent technologiesSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

A person walks 12 km due north, then 15 km due east, after that 19 km due west and then 15 km due south. How far is he from the starting point?

With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made:1. Human relationships are derived from their religious traditions2. Human beings can be duty bound only if they believe in god3. Religious traditions are essential to practice and understand justiceWhich of these assumption(s) is/are valid?

A person climbs a hill in a straight path from point 'O' on the ground in the direction of north-east and reaches a point 'A' after travelling a distance of 5 km. Then, from the point 'A' he moves to point 'B' in the direction of north-west. Let the distance AB be 12 km. Now, how far is the person away from the starting point 'O'?

Consider the following statements:1. Either A and B are of the same age or A is older than B2. Either C and D are of the same age or D is older than C3. B is older than CWhich of the following conclusions can be drawn from the above statements?

A round archery target of diameter 1 m is marked with four scoring regions from the centre outwards as red, blue, yellow and white. The radius of the red band is 0.20 m. The width of all the remaining bands is equal. If archers throw arrows towards the target, what is the probability that the arrows fall in the red region of the archery target?

The sum of the ages of 5 members comprising a family, 3 years ago was 80 years. The average age of the family today is the same at it was 3 years ago, because of an addition of a baby during the intervening period. How old is the baby?

In a race, a competitor has to collect 6 apples which are kept in a straight line on a track and a bucket is placed at the beginning of the track which is a starting point. The condition is that the competitor can pick only one apple at a time, run back with it and drop it in the bucket. If he has to drop all the apples in the bucket, how much total distance he has to run if the bucket is 5 meters from the first apple and all other apples are placed 3 meters apart?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.As we look to 2050, when we will need to feed two billion more people, the question of which diet is best has taken on new urgency. The foods we choose to eat in the coming decades will have dramatic ramifications for the planet. Simply put, a diet that revolves around meat and dairy, a way of eating that is on the rise throughout the developing world, will take a greater toll on the world's resources than one that revolves around unrefined grains, nuts, fruits and vegetables.What is the critical message conveyed by the above passage?

‘Project Loon’, sometimes seen in the news, is related to: [2016]

What is the colour of the tie?

There were 50 faculty members comprising 30 males and the rest females. No male faculty member knew music, but many of the female faculty members did. The Head of the institution invited six faculty members to a tea party by draw of lots. At the party it was discovered that no member knew music. The conclusion is that:

W can do 25% of a work in 30 days, X can do 1/4 of the work in 10 days, Y can do 40% of the work in 40 days and Z can do 1/3 of the work in 13 days. Who will complete the work first?

Which of the following can lead to food security problem?1. Using agricultural and forest residues as feedstock for power generation2. Using biomass for carbon capture and storage3. Promoting the cultivation of energy cropsSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

Accountability, or the lack of it, in governance generally, and civil services, in particular, is a major factor underlying the deficiencies in governance and public administration. Designing an effective framework for accountability has been a key element of the reform agenda. A fundamental issue is whether civil services should be accountable to the political executive of the day or to society at large. In other words, how should internal and external accountability be reconciled? Internal accountability is sought to be achieved by internal performance monitoring, official supervision by bodies like the ---Central-Vigilance Commission-and-Comptroller and Auditor—General, and judicial review of executive decisions. Articles 311 and 312 of the Indian Constitution provide job security and safeguards to the civil services, especially the All India Services. The framers of the Constitution had envisaged that provision of these safeguards would result in a civil service that is not totally subservient to the political executive but will have the strength to function in larger public interest. The need to balance internal and external accountability is thus built into the Constitution. The issue is where to draw the line. Over the years, the emphasis seems to have tilted in favour of greater internal accountability of the civil services to the political leaders of the day who in turn are expected to be externally accountable to the society at large through the election process. This system for seeking accountability to Society has not worked out, and has led to several adverse consequences for governance. Some special measures can be considered for improving accountability in civil services. Provisions of articles 311 and 312 should be reviewed and laws and regulations framed to ensure external accountability of civil services. The proposed Civil Services Bill seeks to address some of these requirements. The respective roles of professional civil services and the political executive should he defined so that professional managerial functions and management of civil services are depoliticized. For this purpose, effective statutory civil service boards should be created at the centre and in the states. Decentralization and devolution of authority to bring government and decision making closer to the people also helps to enhance accountability. Lack of Constitutional provisions to define the respective roles of professional civil services vis-a-vis political executive in this context Select the correct answer using the code given below :

Which one of the following is the crux of this passage?

Who is the doctor?

According to the passage, the biggest challenge to world agriculture is:

‘Net metering’ is sometimes seen in the news in the context of promoting the: [2016]

Four-digit numbers are to be formed using the digits 1, 2, 3 and 4; and none of these four digits are repeated in any manner.Further,1. 2 and 3 are not to immediately follow each other2. 1 is not be immediately followed by 33. 4 is not to appear at the last place4. 1 is not to appear at the first placeHow many different numbers can be formed?

How many numbers are there between 100 and 300 which either begin with or end with 2?

A person is standing on the first step from the bottom of a ladder. If he has to climb 4 more steps to reach exactly the middle step, how many steps does the ladder have?

In a class, there are 18 very tall boys. If these constitute three-fourths of the boys and the total number of boys is two-thirds of the total number of students in the class, what is the number of girls in the class?

There are five hobby clubs in a college - photography, yachting, chess, electronics and gardening. The gardening group meets every second day, the electronics group meets every third day, the chess group meets every fourth day, the yachting group meets every fifth day and the photography group meets every sixth day. How many times do all the five groups meet on the same day within 180 days?

AB is a vertical truck of a huge tree with A being the point where the base of the truck touches the ground. Due to a cyclone, the tree has been broken at C which is at a height of 12 meters, broken part is partially attached to the vertical portion of the tree at C. If the end of the broken part B touches the ground at D which is at a distance of 5 metes from A, then the original height of the truck is:

What is C's surname?

The monthly average salary paid to all the employees of a company was Rs. 5000. The monthly average salary paid to male and female employees was Rs. 5200 and Rs. 4200 respectively. Then the percentage of males employed in the company is:

The football is in the box of which colour?

There is an order of 19000 quantity of a particular product from a customer. The firm produces 1000 quantity of that product per day out of which 5% are unfit for sale. In how many days will the order be completed?

Who wore the sweater?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.To understand the nature and quantity of government proper for man, it is necessary to attend to his character. As nature created him for social life, she fitted him for the station she intended. In all cases she made his natural wants greater than his individual powers. No one man is capable, without the aid of society, of supplying his own wants; and those wants, acting upon every individual, impel the whole of them into society.Which among the following is the mostlogical and rational inferencethat can be made from the above passage?

A and B walk around a circular park. They start at 8 a.m. from the same point in the opposite directions. A and B walk at a speed of 2 rounds per hour and 3 rounds per hour respectively. How many times shall they cross each other after 8.00 a.m. and before 9.30. a.m.?

Consider the following statements:"We shall go either for a picnic or for trekking".Which of the following, if true, would falsify this claim?

An agricultural field is in the form of a rectangle having length X 1meters and breadth X 2meters (X 1and X 2are variable). If X 1+ X 2= 40 meters, then the area of the agricultural field will not exceed which one of the following values?

In a question paper there are five questions to be attempted and answer to each question has two choices - True (T) or False (F). It is given that no two candidates have given the answers to the five questions in an identical sequence. For this to happen the maximum number of candidates is:

A military code writes SYSTEM as SYSMET and NEARER as AENRER. Using the same code, FRACTION can be written as:

A person X was driving in a place where all roads ran either north-south or east-west, forming a grid. Roads are at a distance of 1 km from each other in a parallel. He started at the intersection of two roads, drove 3 km north, 3 km west and 4 km south. Which further route could bring him back to his starting point, if the same route is not repeated?

Five people A, B, C, D and E are seated about a round table, Every chair is spaced equidistant from adjacent chairs.1. C is seated next to A2. A is seated two seats from D3. B is not seated next to AOn the basis of above information, which of the following must be true?1. D is seated next to B2. E is seated next to A3. D and C are separated by two seatsSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

With reference to the passage, the following assumptions have been made:1. Political executive is an obstacle to the accountability of the civil services to the society2. In the present framework of Indian polity, the political executive is no longer accountable of the societyWhich of these assumptions is/are valid?

The issue of worldwide supply of food has gained importance mainly because of:1. Overgrowth of the population worldwide2. Sharp decline in the area of food production3. Limitation in the capabilities for sustained supply of foodSelect the correct answer using the code given below:

Which one of the following boxes contains the golf ball?

Read the following passage and answer the item that follows the passage. Your answer should be based on the passage only.Safe and sustainable sanitation in slums has immeasurable benefits to women and girls in terms of their health, safety, privacy and dignity, However, women do not feature in most of the schemes and policies on urban sanitation. The fact that even now the manual scavenging exists, only goes to show that not enough has been done to promote pour-flush toilets and discontinue the use of dry latrines. A more sustained and rigorous campaign needs to be launched towards the right to sanitation on a very large scale. This should primarily focus on the abolition of manual scavenging.With reference to the above passage, consider the following statements:1. Urban sanitation problems can be fully solved by the abolition of manual scavenging only2. There is a need to promote greater awareness on safe sanitation practices in urban areasWhich of the statements given below is/are correct?

Two members X and Y are respectively 20% and 28% less than a third number Z. By what percentage is the number Y less than the number X?

Anita's mathematics test had 70 problems carrying equal marks i.e., 10 arithmetic, 30 algebra and 30 geometry. Although she answered 70% of the arithmetic, 40% of the algebra and 60% of the geometry problems correctly, she did not pass the test because she got less than 60% marks. The number of more questions she would have to answer correctly to earn a 60% passing marks is:

A piece of tin is in the form of a ractangle having length 12 cm and width 8 cm. This is used to construct a closed cube. The side of the cube is:

Who of the following is definitely a man?