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UPSC Mathematics PYQs 2025 | Vaidra | Vaidra
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Mathematics UPSC PYQ 2025

5 questions from the UPSC 2025 examination. Showing a preview of 3 below — generate a full practice test to solve the rest.

3 questions

1Mediummains10 marks
Mathematics
Let H and K be two subgroups of a group G such that o(H) > √o(G) and o(K) > √o(G). Show that H ∩ K ≠ {e}, where e is the identity element. Here o(H), o(K) and o(G) denote the order of H, K and G respectively.
Let G = {e, x, x², y, yx, yx²} be a non-Abelian group with o(x) = 3 and o(y) = 2. Show that xy = yx² (where e is the identity element of G and o(x), o(y) denote the order of the elements x, y respectively).
Examine whether the series Σ_{n=1}^{∞} (–1)^{n-1}/n is absolutely or conditionally convergent.
Expand f(z) = 1/[(z+1)(z+3)] in a Laurent series valid for 1 < |z| < 3.
How many basic solutions are there for the following system of equations?
2x₁ – x₂ + 3x₃ + x₄ = 6
4x₁ – 2x₂ – x₃ + 2x₄ = 10
Find all of them. Furthermore, find the number of basic solutions, which are feasible/non-feasible/non-degenerate.
2Mediummains10 marks
Mathematics
Find the solution of the equation (D² + DD′ – 2D′²) z = y sin x, where D = ∂/∂x and D′ = ∂/∂y.
Solve the following system of linear equations by Gauss-Seidel method:
10x + 2y + z = 9
2x + 20y – 2z = –44
–2x + 3y +10z = 22
(i) Convert the number (3479)₁₀ into binary system and the number (7AE·9F)₁₆ into decimal system.
(ii) Determine the truth table for the Boolean function F(x, y, z) = (x + y + z′)(x′ + y′). Also derive the full disjunctive normal form of F(x, y, z) from the truth table.
3Mediummains15 marks
Mathematics
Examine whether the mapping φ : Z[x] → Z defined by φ(f(x)) = f(0), for f(x) ∈ Z[x], is a homomorphism. Deduce that the ideal (x) is a prime ideal in Z[x], but not a maximal ideal in Z[x].
Prove that every continuous function is Riemann integrable.
The following table shows all the necessary information on the available supply to each warehouse, the requirement of each market and the unit transportation cost from each warehouse to each market :
Market
I II III IV Supply
Warehouse A 5 2 4 3 22
B 4 8 1 6 15
C 4 6 7 5 8
Requirement 7 12 17 9
The shipping clerk has worked out the following schedule from experience :
12 units from A to II, 1 unit from A to III, 9 units from A to IV, 15 units from B to III, 7 units from C to I and 1 unit from C to III.
Find the optimal schedule and minimum total shipping cost.

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