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UPSC Science & Technology PYQs 2023 | Vaidra | Vaidra
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Science & Technology UPSC PYQ 2023

34 questions from the UPSC 2023 examination.

34 questions

1Medium1 mark

With reference to “Software as a Service (SaaS)”, consider the following statements: SaaS buyers can customise the user interface and can change data fields. SaaS users can access their data through their mobile devices. Outlook, Hotmail and Yahoo Mail are form of SaaS Which of the statements given above are correct?

A1 and 2 only
B2 and 3 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
2Mediumprelims2 marks
Logical Reasoning & Puzzles

Consider the following statements: 1. Some mushrooms have medicinal properties. 2. Some mushrooms have psychoactive properties. 3. Some mushrooms have insecticidal properties. 4. Some mushrooms have bioluminescent properties. How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
COnly three
DAll four
3Medium2 marks

Regarding Home Guards, consider the following statements:1. Home Guards are raised under the Home Guards Act and Rules of the Central Government.2. The role of the Home Guards is to serve as an auxiliary force to the police in the maintenance of internal security.3. To prevent infiltration on the international border/coastal areas, the Border Wing Home Guards Battalions have been raised in some states.How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
4Easyprelims2 marks
Biotechnology & Genetics

'Microsatellite DNA' is used in the case of which one of the following?

AStudying the evolutionary relationships among various species of fauna
BStimulating 'stem cells' to transform into diverse functional tissues
CPromoting clonal propagation of horticultural plants
DAssessing the efficacy of drugs by conducting series of drug trials in a population
5Mediumprelims2 marks
Defence Technology

Consider the following actions : 1. Detection of car crash/collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously 2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive 3. Detection of the tilt of the smart-phone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode In how many of the above actions is the function of accelerometer required?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
6Medium1 mark

Consider the following activities: 1. Spreading finely ground basalt rock on farmlands extensively. 2. Increasing the alkalinity of oceans by adding lime. 3. Capturing carbon dioxide released by various industries and pumping it into abandoned subterranean mines in the form of carbonated waters How many of the above activities are often considered and discussed for carbon capture and sequestration?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
7Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements: [2023] 1. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water. 2. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperatures below the freezing point of water. 3. Some microorganisms can grow in highly acidic environment with a pH below 3. How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
8Mediumprelims2 marks
Biology

Which of the following organisms perform 'waggle dance' for others of their kin to indicate the direction and the distance to a source of their food?

AButterflies
BDragonflies
CHoneybees
DWasps
9Medium1 mark

Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System? [2023]

AAustralia
BCanada
CIsrael
DJapan
10Mediumprelims2 marks
Space Technology & Astronomy

Consider the following pairs: Objects in space | Description --- | --- 1. Cepheids | Giant clouds of dust and gas in space 2. Nebulae | Stars which brighten and dim periodically 3. Pulsars | Neutron stars that are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapse How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
11Easyprelims2 marks
Space Technology & Astronomy

Which one of the following countries has its own Satellite Navigation System?

AAustralia
BCanada
CIsrael
DJapan
12Medium1 mark

With reference to the role of biofilters in Recirculating Aquaculture System, consider the following statements: 1. Biofilters provide waste treatment by removing uneaten fish feed. 2. Biofilters convert ammonia present in fish waste to nitrate. 3. Biofilters increase phosphorus as a nutrient for fish in water. How many of the statements given above are correct? a) Only one

AOnly two
BAll three
CNone
13Medium2 marks

With reference to India, consider the following pairs:ActionThe Act under which it is covered(1)Unauthorized wearing of police or military uniformsThe Official Secrets Act, 1923(2)Knowing misleading or otherwise interfering with a police officer or military officer when engaged in their dutiesThe Indian Evidence Act, 1872(3)Celebratory gunfire which can endanger the personal safety of othersThe Arms (Amendment Act, 2019) How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
14Medium2 marks

Consider the following actions:1. Detection of car crash/collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive3. Detection of the tilt of the smart- phone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape modeIn how many of the above actions is the function of accelerometer required?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
15Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements: 1. Carbon fibres are used in the manufacture of components used in automobiles and aircrafts. 2. Carbon fibres, once used, cannot be recycled. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A1 only
B2 only
CBoth 1 and 2
DNeither 1 nor 2
16Medium1 mark

‘Aerial metagenomics’ best refers to which one of the following situations? [2023]

ACollecting DNA samples from air in a habitat at one go
BUnderstanding the genetic makeup of avian species of a habitat
CUsing air‑borne devices to collect blood samples from moving animals
DSending drones to inaccessible areas to collect plant and animal samples from land surfaces and water bodies
17Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements: Biofilms can form on medical implants within human tissues. Biofilms can form on food and food processing surfaces. Biofilms can exhibit antibiotic resistance. Which of the statements given above are correct?

A1 and 2 only
B2 and 3 only
C1 and 3 only
D1, 2 and 3
18Mediumprelims2 marks
Computer & Information Technology

Consider the following actions: 1. Detection of car crash/collision which results in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously. 2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive 3. Detection of the tilt of the smartphone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode In how many of the above actions is the function of accelerometer required?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
19Mediumprelims2 marks
Logical Reasoning & Puzzles

Consider the following statements: 1. Some mushrooms have medicinal properties. 2. Some mushrooms have psycho-active properties. 3. Some mushrooms have insecticidal properties. 4. Some mushrooms have bioluminescent properties. How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
COnly three
DAll four
20Mediumprelims2 marks
Biotechnology & Genetics

With reference to green hydrogen, consider the following statements: 1. It can be used directly as a fuel for internal combustion. 2. It can be blended with natural gas and used as fuel for heat or power generation. 3. It can be used in the hydrogen fuel cell to run vehicles. How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
21Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements: 1. Ballistic missiles are jet-propelled at subsonic speeds throughout their flights, while cruise missiles are rocket-powered only in the initial phase of flight. 2. Agni-V is a medium-range supersonic cruise missile, while BrahMos is a solid - fuelled intercontinental ballistic missile. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A1 only
B2 only
CBoth 1 and 2
DNeither 1 nor 2
22Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements: Other than those made by humans, nanoparticles do not exist in nature. Nanoparticles of some metallic oxides are used in the manufacture of some cosmetics. Nanoparticles of some commercial products which enter the environment are unsafe for Which of the above statements is/are correct?

A1 only
B3 only
C1 and 2 only
D2 and 3
23Medium1 mark

Consider the following actions: 1. Detection of car crash/collision, which result in the deployment of airbags almost instantaneously. 2. Detection of accidental free fall of a laptop towards the ground which results in the immediate turning off of the hard drive. 3. Detection of the tilt of the smart-phone which results in the rotation of display between portrait and landscape mode. In how many of the above actions is the function of the accelerometer required?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
24Medium2 marks

Consider the following pairs:Objects in spaceDescription(1)Cepheids Giant clouds of dust and gas in space(2)NebulaeStars which brighten and dim periodically(3)PulsarsNeutron stars that are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapseHow many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
25Mediumprelims2 marks
Chemistry

Consider the following statements: 1. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water. 2. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water. 3. Some microorganisms can grow in highly acidic environment with a pH below 3. How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
26Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements : DNA Barcoding can be a tool to: assess the age of a plant or animal. distinguish among species that look alike. identify undesirable animal or plant materials in processed foods. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A1 only
B3 only
C1 and 2
D2 and 3
27Mediumprelims2 marks
Energy & Environment

With reference to the role of biofilters in Recirculating Aquaculture System, consider the following statements : 1. Biofilters provide waste treatment by removing uneaten fish feed. 2. Biofilters convert ammonia present in fish waste to nitrate. 3. Biofilters increase phosphorus as nutrient for fish in water. How many of the statements given above are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
28Easyprelims2 marks
Health & Diseases

'Wolbachia method' is sometimes talked about with reference to which one of the following?

AControlling the viral diseases spread by mosquitoes
BConverting crop residues into packing material
CProducing biodegradable plastics
DProducing biochar from thermo-chemical conversion of biomass
29Medium2 marks

'Aerial metagenomics' best refers to which one of the following situations?

ACollecting DNA samples from air in a habitat at one go
BUnderstanding the genetic makeup of avian species of a habitat
CUsing air-borne devices to collect samples from moving blood animals
DSending drones to inaccessible areas to collect plant and animal samples from land surfaces and water bodies
30Medium1 mark

Which one of the following statements best reflects the idea behind the “Fractional Orbital Bombardment System” often talked about in the media?

AA hypersonic missile is launched into space to counter the asteroid approaching the Earth and explode it in space.
BA spacecraft lands on another planet after making several orbital motions.
CA missile is put into a stable orbit around the Earth and deorbits over a target on the Earth.
DA spacecraft moves along a comet with the same speed and places a probe on its surface
31Medium1 mark

Consider the following statements in respect of probiotics: Probiotics are made of both bacteria and yeast. The organisms in probiotics are found in food we ingest but they do not naturally occur in our gut. Probiotics help in the digestion of milk sugars. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

A1 only
B2 only
C1 and 3
D2 and 3
32Medium1 mark

Consider the following pairs: [2023] | Objects in space | Description | |------------------|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 1. Cepheids | Giant clouds of dust and gas in space | | 2. Nebulae | Stars which brighten and dim periodically | | 3. Pulsars | Neutron stars that are formed when massive stars run out of fuel and collapse | How many of the above pairs are correctly matched?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
33Mediumprelims2 marks
Chemistry

Consider the following statements: 1. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature above the boiling point of water. 2. Some microorganisms can grow in environments with temperature below the freezing point of water. 3. Some microorganisms can grow in a highly acidic environment with a pH below 3. How many of the above statements are correct?

AOnly one
BOnly two
CAll three
DNone
34Medium1 mark

‘Microsatellite DNA’ is used in the case of which one of the following? [2023]

AStudying the evolutionary relationships among various species of fauna
BStimulating stem cells to transform into diverse functional tissues
CPromoting clonal propagation of horticultural plants
DAssessing the efficacy of drugs by conducting series of drug trials in a population
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