1Medium15 marks
Cyclic AMP is a second messenger, justify. Discuss the importance of cyclic AMP in intracellular signal transduction with suitable example.
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54 questions from the UPSC 2021 examination.
54 questions
Cyclic AMP is a second messenger, justify. Discuss the importance of cyclic AMP in intracellular signal transduction with suitable example.
What are peptide hormones ? With the help of schematic diagram, discuss the epinephrine cascade for the glucose release from hepatocytes.
What is hypothalamo-pituitary axis? Draw a well-labelled diagram of pituitary gland and describe the functions of its hormones.
What is transgenesis? Describe the methods and applications of transgenesis in animals.
What is primordial germ cell ? With the help of suitable diagram, discuss the process of oogenesis.
What is fossil data ? Discuss the chronological order of human evolution with suitable examples.
Define double circulation. Give a comparative account of heart in reptiles, birds and mammals.
Explain the process of learning and memory in animals with suitable example.
Describe the use of molecular techniques in animal taxonomy.
What is chromosome theory of linkage ? Describe the methods for determination of linkage using suitable examples.
What is cladistics ? Discuss the international code of biological nomenclature.
Draw a well-labelled diagram of avian brain.
What are gap junction proteins ? Discuss the roles of connexins in cellular interaction.
Describe the structure and functions of internal ear in mammals.
Fatty acids regulate the nature of lipids, justify.
Define correlation. Explain its types and methods of computing coefficient of correlation.
Define ecosystem. Discuss the structure and functions of ecosystem.
What is apiculture? Describe the various methods of beekeeping and also add a note on the uses of honey.
What is isolation ? Describe the major isolating mechanisms which lead to speciation.
Biological clock
Describe the rapidly acting synaptic transmitters with suitable examples.
Lysosomes are polymorphic, justify. Draw a diagram representing the dynamic aspect of lysosome system. Write down the functions of lysosomes.
Origin of tetrapods
Describe the respiratory organs and mechanism of respiration in Pila.
What are pheromones? Discuss their role in insects.
Ecological succession
Describe the functional anatomy of cochlea with suitable diagram. Write down the functions of organ of corti.
Define nephridium. Describe the various types of nephridia found in Pheretima.
What is metamorphosis? Describe the hormonal regulation of metamorphosis in insects.
Explain the respiratory regulation of acid-base balance.
What is bioenergetics ? Discuss the role of second law of thermodynamics in energy transduction.
Define coenzyme. Explain the role of coenzymes in the regulation of metabolic reactions by giving suitable examples.
Trochophore larva and its evolutionary significance
Glycoproteins are asymmetrically distributed in a plasma membrane, explain. Give an overview of membrane function.
What is cell cycle ? Draw an overview of molecular events during cell cycle. Discuss the role of protein kinases in the regulation of meiotic cell cycle.
Describe the principle and applications of polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Explain the transport of oxygen in blood. Discuss the factors that shift oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve.
Give an illustrated account of life cycle of Leishmania.
What is modern concept of gene ? Describe the test of allilism with suitable example.
Biodiversity hotspots
Define mimicry. Discuss the types of mimicry with suitable examples.
What is alternation of generations? Illustrate this phenomenon with life history of Obelia.
Canal system in sponges
Write a note on ecological pyramids with suitable examples.
Differentiate between SEM and TEM.
What is sperm capacitation ? Describe the method of mammalian sperm capacitation in vitro.
Explain the basic stimuli causing pancreatic secretion. Discuss the role of pancreas in major food digestion.
Nematocysts of Aurelia
Describe habitat, habits and life history of Branchiostoma.
What is chromosome mutation ? Describe various types of polyploidy with suitable examples. Add a note on phenotypic effects of polyploidy.
Enlist theories of origin of life. Explain the theory of biochemical evolution proposed by Oparin and Haldane.
Describe the requirement of proteins for the initiation of transcription in an eukaryote.
What are morphogens ? Describe the cellular differentiation during morphogenesis.
What is Mendel's dihybrid cross ? Discuss the mechanism of independent assortment using suitable example.