Central Govt चार श्रम कोड को लागू करता है – न्यूनतम वेतन, सभी कामगारों के लिए सामाजिक सुरक्षा

<h3>Overview</h3> <p>The <strong>Central Government</strong> has completed the operationalisation of the four labour codes by publishing the requisite rules in the official gazette. This marks the culmination of a five‑year process that began with the enactment of the codes on <strong>21 November 2025</strong>. With the rules now in force, the legal framework for minimum wage, universal social security and occupational safety becomes fully functional across India.</p> <h3>Key Developments</h3> <ul> <li>Rules for the four codes were drafted on <strong>30 December 2025</strong>, opened for stakeholder feedback, and subsequently notified after legal vetting.</li> <li>The codes consolidate 29 earlier labour statutes into a single, modern framework.</li> <li>Implementation now requires both the Centre and the States to notify the rules, as labour is a <span class="key-term" data-definition="Concurrent subject – Areas where both Centre and State governments can legislate; labour falls here, affecting implementation dynamics (GS2: Polity).">concurrent subject</span>.</li> <li>Key provisions include mandatory appointment letters, free health check‑ups for workers aged 40+, equal pay for women across shifts, a cap of <strong>48 weekly working hours</strong>, and at least one weekend off.</li> <li>The establishment of a <span class="key-term" data-definition="National Reskilling Fund – A centrally funded pool to finance skill upgradation for workers displaced by automation or industry shifts; relevant to GS3: Economy.">National Reskilling Fund</span> to support reskilling of displaced workers.</li> </ul> <h3>Important Facts</h3> <p>The four codes are:</p> <ul> <li><span class="key-term" data-definition="Code on Wages, 2019 – A labour law that consolidates wage‑related provisions, ensuring minimum wage and equal pay; relevant to GS3: Economy and GS2: Polity.">Code on Wages, 2019</span></li> <li><span class="key-term" data-definition="Industrial Relations Code, 2020 – A law that streamlines trade‑union and dispute‑resolution mechanisms, impacting industrial harmony; relevant to GS2: Polity.">Industrial Relations Code, 2020</span></li> <li><span class="key-term" data-definition="Code on Social Security, 2020 – A comprehensive framework for social security benefits like pension, health and insurance for workers; relevant to GS3: Economy.">Code on Social Security, 2020</span></li> <li><span class="key-term" data-definition="Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020 – Sets standards for workplace safety, health and working conditions; relevant to GS3: Economy and GS4: Ethics.">Occupational Safety, Health and Working Conditions Code, 2020</span></li> </ul> <p>Collectively, these codes aim to simplify compliance, boost ease of doing business, and create a pro‑worker ecosystem.</p> <h3>UPSC Relevance</h3> <p>Understanding the labour codes is essential for GS 2 (Polity) because they illustrate the interplay between Centre‑State powers in a <sp