अवलोकन
India’s effort to diversify electronics manufacturing away from China is being shaped not by a single national policy but by the actions of individual states. Tamil Nadu and Karnataka have built distinct ecosystems that attract global firms such as Foxconn and Tata Electronics. Their experience shows how land allocation, skill development, and policy continuity can turn the China+1 agenda into tangible factories.
मुख्य विकास
- In January 2026, the centre approved projects under the ECMS in Tamil Nadu, including mobile‑phone enclosure units by Yuzhan Technology (linked to Foxconn) and Tata Electronics.
- Foxconn’s 300‑acre campus at Devanahalli (Karnataka) aims to create ~50,000 jobs, with women forming about 80% of the workforce.
- The central PLI for large‑scale electronics ended on 31 March 2026; a successor scheme was approved on 15 July 2026.
- The cabinet eased Press Note 3 in March 2026, removing curbs on border‑state investments.
- In January 2026, the centre cleared 22 ECMS proposals worth ₹41,863 crore, projected to generate 33,791 direct jobs across eight states.
महत्वपूर्ण तथ्य
While Tamil Nadu hosts tens of thousands of iPhone assemblers at Sriperumbudur, it still relies heavily on migrant labour from northern states and faces constraints in land, power and skilled workers. Karnataka, by contrast, leveraged its software talent pool to attract high‑tech manufacturing, exemplified by the Foxconn campus and Tata Electronics’ takeover of Wistron’s plant at Narsapura.
Data from the Department for Promotion of Industry and Internal Trade (DPIIT) — the ministry that rec