Overview During the National Science Day celebrations at the CSIR‑ CRRI , a research‑development (R&D) agreement was inked with AMNS India . The pact focuses on converting iron ore tailings into a viable component for road construction, thereby promoting a circular economy in the transport sector. Key Developments Signing of an R&D pact between CSIR‑CRRI and AMNS India to study iron‑ore tailings for pavement use. Commitment to conduct laboratory investigations, material characterisation, and pavement‑design studies to assess suitability across different road layers. Involvement of senior scientists, including Dr. N. Kalaiselvi (DG, CSIR & Secretary, DSIR ), and Dr. Arvind Bodhankar (Chief Sustainability Officer, AMNS) as chief guest. Showcasing of existing CSIR‑CRRI innovations such as bio‑bitumen from agri‑waste, steel slag road technology , and waste‑plastic modular geocells. Important Facts India generates 18–20 million tonnes of iron‑ore tailings annually from beneficiation plants in Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Karnataka. These tailings are stored in large dams, commonly termed “slimes”, and pose both environmental and economic challenges. The R&D effort aims to replace a portion of natural aggregates—commonly sourced from riverbeds and quarries—with processed tailings, thereby conserving natural resources. UPSC Relevance The initiative touches upon several GS topics: GS3 – Economy & Environment: Understanding waste‑to‑wealth models, resource efficiency, and their impact on sustainable development. GS3 – Infrastructure: Innovations in road construction, material substitution, and the role of public‑private partnerships. GS3 – Science & Technology: Role of agencies like CSIR‑CRRI and DSIR in translating research into policy‑relevant solutions. Way Forward To maximise impact, the following steps are recommended: Scale up pilot projects on selected highway stretches to generate field performance data. Formulate standards and specifications for the use of iron‑ore tailings in different pavement layers. Encourage state road authorities to adopt the technology through incentives and capacity‑building workshops. Integrate the approach into broader national missions such as the National Green Highways Mission and the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan for waste management. Successful implementation will not only mitigate the environmental hazards of tailings dams but also reduce the carbon footprint of road construction, aligning with India’s commitments under the UN Sustainable Development Goals for sustainable cities and responsible consumption.