Overview The Ministry of Science & Technology (DST) has operationalised the RDI Fund through a two‑tier structure managed by the ANRF . The scheme is executed via a SPF , which channels money to designated SLFMs . The first two SLFMs, the TDB and the BIRAC , issued calls for proposals in early February 2026. Key Developments Implementation Guidelines for the RDI Fund approved by the ANRF Executive Council. Financial Rules 2026 for the utilization of the fund notified by DST. Two‑tier funding model: SPF as first‑level custodian; SLFMs as second level. Calls for project proposals launched on 4 Feb 2026 (TDB) and 13 Feb 2026 (BIRAC) ; additional SLFM applications closed on 31 Jan 2026 and are under review. Funding targets technologies at TRL 4 and above in sunrise sectors such as energy transition, quantum computing, AI, biotech, and the Digital Agriculture . Important Facts Eligible beneficiaries include startups, established companies, and industry‑led R&D projects. Sunrise sectors cover energy security, deep technologies, AI‑driven health and education, biotechnology, synthetic biology, pharmaceuticals, medical devices, and digital economy initiatives. Specific sub‑sectors under Digital Agriculture include precision farming, AI‑enabled advisory, remote sensing, smart irrigation, drone‑based monitoring, blockchain traceability, and farm‑to‑market platforms. Digital support tools launched: ‘Krishi Sewa’ mobile app integrating AI, sensors and UAVs; ‘Kisan‑Sarathi’ portal delivering multilingual advisory through 731 ICAR KVKs. UPSC Relevance The scheme illustrates the Government’s push for a knowledge‑based economy, aligning with GS3: Economy (innovation financing, startup ecosystem) and GS1: Science & Technology (technology readiness, research infrastructure). Understanding the two‑tier fund architecture helps answer questions on public‑sector funding mechanisms, while the focus on Digital Agriculture links to agriculture‑related GS2/GS3 topics such as food security, climate‑smart agriculture, and the role of ICT in rural development. Way Forward To maximise impact, the Ministry should: Accelerate the selection of additional SLFMs to broaden sectoral coverage. Establish clear monitoring metrics for projects at each TRL stage, ensuring timely transition to commercialisation. Integrate outcomes with existing schemes like PM‑Kisan and Digital India for synergistic benefits. Promote capacity‑building for farmers to adopt the ‘Krishi Sewa’ and ‘Kisan‑Sarathi’ platforms, thereby enhancing technology diffusion at the grassroots. Effective implementation will not only boost India’s innovation ecosystem but also contribute to climate resilience, energy security, and sustainable agriculture—key themes across the UPSC syllabus.