Overview The Russian-backed hackers have launched a coordinated cyber‑campaign targeting the messaging apps Signal and WhatsApp . The aim is to infiltrate accounts of Dutch government officials, military personnel and journalists, thereby accessing classified or sensitive information. Key Developments Hackers initiate chats masquerading as a Signal Support chatbot and request verification or PIN codes. Successful acquisition of security codes allows attackers to control accounts and read private/group chats. The AIVD and MIVD confirm that several Dutch government employees and journalists have been compromised. Both messaging platforms reiterate that their end‑to‑end encryption remains intact, but warn users against sharing verification codes. Important Facts • The attack exploits phishing tactics, specifically prompting victims to disclose six‑digit verification codes. • A secondary method involves abusing Signal’s ‘linked devices’ feature, which can silently add a new device once the attacker obtains the code. • Indicators of compromise include duplicate contacts or numbers labeled as ‘deleted account’ in the victim’s contact list. • Dutch authorities have issued a cyber advisory, offering assistance to neutralise the threat and advising officials to avoid using these apps for classified communication. UPSC Relevance Understanding state‑sponsored cyber‑espionage is crucial for GS 2 (Polity & International Relations) as it reflects contemporary security challenges and the role of intelligence agencies. The incident also underscores the importance of end‑to‑end encryption and its limits, a topic relevant to GS 3 (Technology, Security). Aspirants should note how cyber‑threats influence diplomatic relations, defence preparedness, and the formulation of cyber‑security policies. Way Forward Government officials should migrate classified communications to dedicated, government‑approved secure channels rather than commercial messaging apps. Regular cyber‑awareness training must be institutionalised to recognise phishing attempts, especially code‑request scams. Intelligence agencies need to continuously monitor emerging cyber‑threat vectors and share actionable advisories with all ministries. Technology firms should enhance user‑verification mechanisms, possibly integrating multi‑factor authentication that does not rely solely on a single PIN.