ICMR‑NIN Proposes Dual‑Axis Regulation for Ultra‑Processed and HFSS Foods to Curb Obesity

Overview Scientists from ICMR‑NIN have warned that obesity among Indian adults is rising and spending on processed foods has surged in the last decade. To tackle diet‑related health risks, they suggest a new dual‑axis regulatory framework that looks at both the degree of food processing and the levels of fat, sugar and salt. Key Developments Call for stronger regulation of UPFs and HFSS items. Proposal of a dual‑axis regulatory framework that combines processing level with nutrient thresholds. Emphasis on developing a robust front‑of‑pack nutrition labelling system for India. Framework aligns with the Dietary Guidelines for Indians 2024 , the first to include processing considerations. Important Facts • India currently lacks a formal legal definition of UPFs , limiting enforcement of labeling, marketing bans, and school‑food policies. • Existing global classification systems may miss foods that are unhealthy because they are either highly processed or high in HFSS , or both. • The dual‑axis model aims to close these gaps, ensuring that products with excessive fat, sugar or salt are flagged even if they are not ultra‑processed. UPSC Relevance The proposal touches on several GS‑3 themes: public health policy, nutrition security, and the rising burden of NCDs . Understanding the regulatory approach helps answer questions on food‑policy interventions, consumer protection, and the balance between under‑nutrition and obesity in India. Way Forward • Adopt the dual‑axis framework into law, giving it a clear definition of UPFs and nutrient thresholds. • Implement mandatory front‑of‑pack nutrition labelling across all packaged foods. • Enforce marketing restrictions for high‑risk products, especially those targeting children. • Align school‑meal schemes with the new guidelines to curb early‑life exposure to unhealthy foods. • Periodically review the framework against emerging dietary trends and scientific evidence.