Overview The Inland Waterways Authority of India (IWAI) , under the Ministry of Ports, Shipping & Waterways (MoPSW) , has signed key Memoranda of Understanding (MoUs) worth ₹3,000 Crores at the India Maritime Week 2025 . These agreements aim to boost inland waterways and industrial connectivity in the Northeast region of India. The focus is on strengthening Assam’s inland water transport network and industrial logistics, promoting sustainable connectivity and regional growth. Key Developments MoU with Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) The MoU between IWAI and Assam Petro-Chemicals Ltd. (APL) aims to collaborate for the transportation of Methanol and Formalin through the Indo-Bangladesh Protocol Route (IBPR) and National Waterways (NW) . This initiative will facilitate exports from IWAI jetties at Bogibeel, Pandu, and Jogighopa to destinations in Bangladesh and Southeast Asia , while also strengthening domestic supply chains through National Waterways-1 and 2 . Investment: The total investment for this initiative is pegged at ₹400 crore , covering the procurement of tanker vessels and related infrastructure. Production Capacity: APL currently produces 1.98 lakh metric tonnes of Methanol and 1.15 lakh metric tonnes of Formalin annually. Benefits: The new arrangement will enable bulk, cost-effective, and eco-friendly transportation of these products. MoU with the Government of Assam The MoU between IWAI and the Government of Assam focuses on the development and promotion of an Urban Water Transport (UWT) System , or Water Metro , in Tezpur, Guwahati, and Dibrugarh . The project aims to establish a seamless and sustainable water-based mobility network along the River Brahmaputra , integrated with existing transport modes such as roads, railways, and bus systems. Project Cost: The tentative cost of the project is estimated at ₹1,000 crore , excluding land costs. Feasibility Study: A feasibility study is being undertaken by Kochi Metro Rail Ltd. (KMRL) in consultation with the State Government. Objective: To create a modern and environmentally responsible transport system using electric hybrid passenger boats. Other Key Projects and Initiatives River Lighthouses: IWAI and the Directorate General of Lighthouses and Lightships (DGLL) have signed an MoU to develop River Lighthouses at Bogibeel, Silghat, Biswanath Ghat and Pandu , boosting navigation safety on the Brahmaputra . Gumti–Meghna Waterway Link: IWAI to build Gumti–Meghna Waterway Link ; a cruise ship project is proposed for Dumbur Lake in Tripura . Siang River: Proposal mooted for Integrated IWT Facilities on Siang River in Arunachal Pradesh . Lakes in Nagaland: IWT Possibilities including Water Sports explored at Doyang, Noune and Shilloi Lakes in Nagaland . UPSC Relevance These developments are highly relevant for the UPSC Civil Services Exam, particularly for GS Paper 3 (Infrastructure, Economy) and GS Paper 2 (Government Policies) . The focus on inland waterways aligns with the government's emphasis on multi-modal connectivity and sustainable transportation. The projects in the Northeast are crucial for regional development and enhancing trade and tourism. Key Concepts Inland Waterways: A cost-effective and environmentally friendly mode of transportation. Multi-Modal Connectivity: Integrating different modes of transport for seamless movement of goods and passengers. Regional Development: Promoting economic growth and social development in specific regions. Sustainable Transportation: Transportation systems that minimize environmental impact and promote long-term viability. Important Facts The MoUs signed at India Maritime Week 2025 are worth ₹3,000 Crores . APL produces 1.98 lakh metric tonnes of Methanol and 1.15 lakh metric tonnes of Formalin annually. The UWT project in Tezpur, Guwahati, and Dibrugarh is estimated to cost ₹1,000 crore . The partnership with Heritage River Journeys Pvt. Ltd. is valued at ₹500 crores .