The Supreme Court has issued notice on a petition filed by two convicts in the high‑profile Bilkis Bano case , directing the matter for hearing on 5 May 2026 . The petition challenges the May 04, 2017 judgment of the Bombay High Court that upheld their conviction and life sentence. Key Developments Petitioners Bipinchand Kanaiyalal Joshi and Pradip Ramanlal Modhiya filed a SLP against the High Court’s verdict. A bench comprising Justice Rajesh Bindal and Justice Vijay Bishnoi issued notice to the States of Gujarat and Maharashtra and fixed the hearing date. The High Court had affirmed life imprisonment for 11 accused under multiple sections of the IPC, including Section 376(2)(e) & (g) , and upheld rigorous imprisonment for related offences. The Gujarat government’s 2022 remission order, which released the convicts, was set aside by the Supreme Court in January 2024, directing the convicts to surrender. Important Facts The case stems from the 2002 Gujarat riots . On 27 February 2002 , the Sabarmati Express was set ablaze at Godhra, sparking widespread communal violence. 21‑year‑old Bilkis Bano , five months pregnant, fled her village with family members. On 3 March 2002 , near Pannivel, a mob attacked the group, killing several relatives—including Bilkis’s three‑year‑old daughter—and gang‑raped her. Initial police investigations yielded closure reports. Following a Supreme Court directive on 16 December 2003 , the CBI took over, exhumed bodies, collected forensic evidence, and filed a charge sheet on 19 April 2004 . The trial was transferred to Maharashtra, where the trial court convicted all 11 accused of murder, rioting, and gang‑rape. The Bombay High Court, on appeal, upheld these convictions and also set aside earlier acquittals of certain police officials and doctors who had been cleared of offences under Sections 201 and 218 IPC (pertaining to tampering with evidence and post‑mortem procedures). UPSC Relevance Judicial Review & Federalism: The case illustrates the Supreme Court’s power to review state actions (remission) and ensure uniform application of criminal law across states. Communal Violence: Understanding the 2002 Gujarat riots is essential for GS‑1 (History) and GS‑2 (Polity) as it highlights the interplay of law, politics, and social harmony. Criminal Justice System: The role of the CBI , transfer of trials, and the use of specific IPC sections provide insight into procedural law and victim‑rights jurisprudence. Remission Policy: The Supreme Court’s intervention underscores the limits of state‑level remission powers, a key point for GS‑2 (Polity) concerning executive discretion and judicial oversight. Way Forward The hearing on 5 May 2026 will determine whether the convicts’ life sentences stand or if any relief is granted. Possible outcomes include reaffirmation of the High Court’s judgment, modification of sentences, or directives for further investigation. The decision will set a precedent on the legality of state‑issued remission in cases where trials are transferred to another state, and will reinforce the judiciary’s role in safeguarding victims’ rights in communal violence cases.