In a series of sharp remarks, U.S. President Donald Trump signalled that the United States may pull out of the NATO after member states, notably the United Kingdom, France and Spain, declined to join the ongoing Iran‑Israel war . Trump’s comments came amid soaring oil prices and a strained trans‑Atlantic security dialogue. Key Developments Trump told The Telegraph that NATO is a “paper tiger” and that its relevance is “beyond reconsideration”. He criticised the Strait of Hormuz blockade, blaming NATO allies for not helping reopen it. British Prime Minister Keir Starmer defended NATO, calling it the most effective military alliance ever created. U.S. oil prices have risen to $4 per gallon for gasoline, while crude oil touched $120 per barrel last month. Trump posted on Truth Social urging the UK and France to buy U.S. oil and “take” the Strait of Hormuz, warning that the U.S. would no longer “help you”. Important Facts The war, now a month old, has choked roughly 20% of global oil flow . European and American fuel prices have spiked, creating domestic political pressure. NATO’s collective defence clause (Article 5) has not been invoked, as the alliance views the conflict as a regional dispute rather than an attack on a member state. UPSC Relevance 1. International Relations (GS2) : The episode illustrates challenges to collective security mechanisms, alliance politics, and the impact of great‑power unilateralism. 2. Energy Security (GS3) : The closure of the Strait of Hormuz underscores how geopolitical tensions affect global oil markets, a recurring UPSC theme. 3. US Foreign Policy (GS2) : Trump’s rhetoric reflects a shift from multilateralism to “America First”, relevant for questions on US‑India strategic ties. Way Forward India should monitor NATO’s cohesion, as any weakening could reshape security dynamics in the Indo‑Pacific. Strengthen diplomatic engagement with both the United States and European allies to ensure stable energy supplies. Develop alternative oil import routes and bolster strategic petroleum reserves to mitigate future chokepoint disruptions. Encourage dialogue within NATO to address burden‑sharing and reaffirm collective defence commitments.