तमिलनाडु की TVK ने गठबंधन समर्थन के साथ सरकार बनाई – संवैधानिक प्रभाव

<h3>Overview</h3> <p>The newly‑formed <span class="key-term" data-definition="Tamilaga Vetri Kazhagam (TVK) – A regional political party in Tamil Nadu that emerged in the last few years; its rapid rise is a case study of party fragmentation and coalition politics (GS2: Polity)">TVK</span> secured a minority mandate in the 2026 Tamil Nadu Assembly elections and, with the backing of four smaller parties, formed the state government. <strong>C. Joseph Vijay</strong> was sworn in as Chief Minister on 10 May 2026, accompanied by nine ministers from his party.</p> <h3>Key Developments</h3> <ul> <li>TVK fell 10 seats short of the 118‑seat majority but gained support from <span class="key-term" data-definition="Congress – The Indian National Congress, a national party with a long‑standing presence; here it pledged external support to TVK (GS2: Polity)">Congress</span> (5 MLAs), CPI(M) and CPI (1 MLA each), Viduthalai Chiruthaigal Katchi (VCK) (2 MLAs) and IUML (2 MLAs), taking the tally to 121.</li> <li>The Governor, <span class="key-term" data-definition="Governor Rajendra Arlekar – Constitutional head of Tamil Nadu who invited parties to form the government (GS2: Polity)">Rajendra Arlekar</span>, demanded written proof of support from 118 MLAs before inviting TVK, a move criticised for ignoring the <span class="key-term" data-definition="Sarkaria Commission – 1983 commission that outlined centre‑state relations, including the principle that the single largest party should be first invited to form government (GS2: Polity)">Sarkaria Commission</span> guidelines.</li> <li>The Supreme Court’s <span class="key-term" data-definition="Rameshwar Prasad (2006) case – Landmark judgment that only a floor test in the legislature can determine a ministry’s majority (GS2: Polity)">Rameshwar Prasad (2006) case</span> was cited to argue that the Governor’s demand was unnecessary.</li> <li>The alternative scenario of an AIADMK‑DMK coalition was dismissed as “immoral” and was opposed by the outgoing Chief Minister <strong>M. K. Stalin</strong>.</li> </ul> <h3>Important Facts</h3> <ul> <li>TVK’s coalition holds <strong>121 seats</strong> out of 234, comfortably crossing the majority threshold.</li> <li>The Congress contested 28 seats, securing only <strong>28 % of the vote</strong>, its poorest performance in the DMK‑led alliance.</li> <li>The 2026 election produced Tamil Nadu’s first hung assembly in decades, testing constitutional conventions.</li> </ul> <h3>UPSC Relevance</h3> <p>Understanding this episode helps aspirants grasp:</p> <ul> <li>Coalition dynamics and the role of regional parties in Indian federalism (GS2: Polity).</li> <li>Constitutional duties of the Governor versus judicial pronouncements on government formation (GS2: Polity).</li> <li>The impact of party fragmentation on policy continuity, especially in a state known for industrial growth and social equity (GS3: Economy).</li> </ul> <h3>Way Forward</h3> <p>Chief Minister <strong>C. Joseph Vijay</stron