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Mission Shakti (Umbrella Scheme for W… — Govt Scheme for UPSC | Vaidra
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Mission Shakti (Umbrella Scheme for Women)

Ministry of Women and Child DevelopmentactiveSocial WelfareLaunched: 2021-04-01

About the Scheme

Mission Shakti is the umbrella scheme for all women-related programmes of WCD Ministry, comprising two sub-missions: SAMBAL (safety/protection: BBBP, One Stop Centres, Swadhar Greh, Ujjwala) and SAMARTHYA (empowerment: PM Matru Vandana, Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar, creches). Budget FY2025-26: ₹3,144 crore. Replaces multiple standalone women's schemes.

Target Beneficiaries: Women of all ages; violence survivors; pregnant/lactating mothers; girl children; adolescents

Official Website →

✦Key Features

  • Two sub-missions: SAMBAL (safety/protection) + SAMARTHYA (empowerment)
  • SAMBAL: BBBP, One Stop Centres (756 OSCs), Swadhar Greh, Ujjwala, Nari Adalat, Mahila Police Volunteers
  • SAMARTHYA: PM Matru Vandana Yojana, Creche scheme, Pradhan Mantri Rashtriya Bal Puraskar, Women's Hostels
  • One Stop Centres (Sakhi): 756 centres providing medical, legal, police, shelter support to violence survivors
  • Nari Adalat: all-women courts/panchayats for quick resolution of women's grievances in villages
  • Budget FY2025-26: ₹3,144 crore (Mission Shakti) + Mission Vatsalya + Mission Poshan
  • Replaces: earlier standalone schemes — WCD consolidated them in 2021-22

✓Eligibility Criteria

  • States and Union Territories responsible for implementing the umbrella components of the mission.
  • Women in difficult circumstances including survivors of violence, trafficking, or abandonment.
  • Pregnant and lactating women seeking maternity benefits under the Samarthya sub-scheme.
  • Working women in need of safe, affordable, and secure residential accommodation.

★Benefits

  • Provision of integrated medical, legal, and psychological support through One Stop Centres.
  • Financial assistance for the health and nutrition of pregnant and lactating mothers.
  • Access to safe housing through Working Women Hostels and Shakti Sadan rehabilitation homes.
  • Systemic outcomes including improved sex ratio and enhanced female labor force participation.

▶Application Process

  • Contact the nearest One Stop Centre (OSC) for immediate emergency response and legal aid.
  • Apply through the official PMMVY portal for direct benefit transfers related to maternity support.
  • Utilize the 181 Women Helpline for 24-hour emergency rescue and referral services.
  • Submit applications to District Social Welfare Offices for enrollment in institutional care facilities.

₹ Budget Allocation

3144

Funding Ratio (Centre:State): 60:40 for General States; 90:10 for NE/Hilly; 100% for UTs

Exam Relevance

GS Paper: GS2

Prelims Relevance7%
Mains Relevance8%

Syllabus Tags

Women EmpowermentSocial SecurityGenderWelfare SchemesGS2

Historical Context

Launched for implementation during the 15th Finance Commission period (2021-22 to 2025-26) by merging erstwhile schemes like Swadhar Greh, Ujjwala, Working Women Hostel, and BBBP.

Exclusion Criteria

  • Specific sub-schemes like PMMVY exclude women in regular employment with Central/State Govts/PSUs
  • Incomes above certain thresholds for specific empowerment benefits

Sub-Schemes

Sambal

Safety and Protection component including BBBP

Samarthya

Empowerment component including PMMVY and Shakti Sadan

Challenges

  • Under-utilization of allocated funds by states
  • Lack of trained manpower in One Stop Centres
  • Low awareness of the 181 helpline in rural areas
  • Gaps in digital literacy for PMMVY applications

Reforms & Recommendations

  • Integration of mental health counseling in all One Stop Centres
  • Creation of a 'National Registry of Sex Offenders' accessible to Mission Shakti nodes
  • Linking Nari Adalats with Formal Legal Aid Services

Performance Statistics

Metric

730+

Source: MWCD Annual Report

Metric

3.11 Crore+

Source: PIB

Critical Analysis

Mission Shakti represents the integration of fragmented women's schemes into a unified lifecycle-based framework. By dividing into 'Sambal' (Protection) and 'Samarthya' (Empowerment), it addresses both immediate crises and long-term socio-economic status. While the conceptual framework is robust, the challenge lies in the under-utilization of Nirbhaya funds and the bureaucratic delays in setting up One Stop Centres (OSCs) in every district. The shift towards 'Nari Adalats' is a progressive step towards community-based dispute resolution.

SDG Linkages

SDG 5 (Gender Equality)SDG 1 (No Poverty)SDG 10 (Reduced Inequalities)

Constitutional Backing

Article 15(3) (Special provisions for women and children)Article 39 (Equal pay for equal work and right to livelihood)

Technology Used

PMMVY-CAS (Common Application Software)Rapid Reporting SystemTrackChild Portal

Success Stories

Beti Bachao Beti Padhao Impact

Key Takeaways

  • Sambal: Safety and Security (OSC, 181, BBBP, Nari Adalat)
  • Samarthya: Empowerment (PMMVY, Shakti Sadan, Hub for Empowerment of Women)
  • Promotion of gender-neutral education and hygiene
  • Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) for pregnant and lactating mothers

Probable Questions

How does Mission Shakti aim to provide a 'continuum of care and protection' for women in India? Evaluate its components.

MediumVery High

Mains Answer Fodder

Mission Shakti is the manifestation of 'Women-led Development'. It shifts the narrative from women being passive recipients of welfare to active agents of change. It is critical for improving the Female Labour Force Participation Rate (FLFPR) through its Samarthya component.

Convergence Schemes

  • Nirbhaya Fund
  • MGNREGS (for livelihood)
  • Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-NRLM

Sector Tags

Women EmpowermentSocial JusticeSafety