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CAG Audit Finds Green India Mission Fell S... | UPSC Current Affairs

CAG Audit Finds Green India Mission Fell Short of Targets – Implications for Forest Policy

A CAG audit finds that the Green India Mission has achieved only a fraction of its forest‑quality and cover targets after a decade, with poor convergence to CAMPA and MGNREGS and limited real forest gain despite massive tree‑planting drives. The shortfall undermines India's commitments under the Paris Agreement and hig…
Overview The CAG audit of the GIM reveals that after ten years the programme has achieved only a fraction of its goals. While the mission aimed to improve forest quality on 1.4 million hectares, it succeeded on just 0.11 million hectares and increased forest cover by only four per cent. Key Developments Target for forest‑quality improvement: 1.4 million ha → actual: 0.11 million ha. Planned increase in forest cover: 4 % → actual increase: 4 % (barely). Convergence with CAMPA and MGNREGS never materialised. India’s commitment under the Paris Agreement was tied to GIM’s success. 2024 launch of Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam tree‑planting drive reporting 140 crore saplings, but forest data show limited real forest gain. Important Facts The ISFR 2023 shows a net increase of 1,445 sq km in green cover, yet only 156 sq km is classified as true forest. The remaining 1,289 sq km is merely tree cover outside recorded forests, indicating that planting trees does not automatically translate into forest restoration. The Aravalli range, one of the most degraded mountain systems, is slated for a “Green Wall” planting. However, the area suffers from mining scars, invasive species like vilayati kikar , and chronic encroachment. Planting alone cannot reverse these deep‑seated ecological damages. UPSC Relevance Understanding the gap between policy intent and implementation is crucial for
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Key Insight

CAG audit exposes Green India Mission’s huge shortfall – a warning for UPSC aspirants

Key Facts

  1. Green India Mission (GIM) ने 1.4 million hectares पर वन गुणवत्ता में सुधार करने का लक्ष्य रखा था; केवल 0.11 million hectares वास्तव में सुधारे गए।
  2. वन आवरण में लक्षित वृद्धि 4% थी; वास्तविक वृद्धि लगभग 4% ही थी, जो न्यूनतम लाभ दर्शाती है।
  3. CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund) और MGNREGS (ग्रामीण वेतन योजना) से प्राप्त फंड GIM परियोजनाओं से जुड़े नहीं थे।
  4. India’s Paris Agreement के तहत 2030 तक अतिरिक्त 2.5‑3 billion tonnes कार्बन सिंक का वचन GIM की सफलता पर निर्भर करता है।
  5. 2024 के Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam अभियान ने 140 crore पौधों की रिपोर्ट की, लेकिन वन‑आवरण डेटा में वास्तविक वन वृद्धि बहुत कम दिखती है।
  6. ISFR 2023 ने शुद्ध हरे‑आवरण में 1,445 sq km की वृद्धि दर्ज की, लेकिन केवल 156 sq km वास्तविक वन था; बाकी वृक्ष आवरण वनों के बाहर था।

Background

GIM is a flagship scheme under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, meant to boost forest health and carbon sinks. The audit reveals poor inter‑agency coordination, weak fund utilisation, and inadequate monitoring – all core topics in the UPSC syllabus on environment, governance and public finance.

UPSC Syllabus

  • GS2 — Constitutional posts, bodies and their powers and functions
  • Essay — Environment and Sustainability
  • Prelims_GS — Ecology and Biodiversity

Mains Angle

In Mains, this issue can be framed as a question on the effectiveness of forest‑restoration policies and the role of audit institutions. It fits GS‑III (Environment) and GS‑IV (Governance and Accountability).

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Overview

Full Article

Overview

The CAG audit of the GIM reveals that after ten years the programme has achieved only a fraction of its goals. While the mission aimed to improve forest quality on 1.4 million hectares, it succeeded on just 0.11 million hectares and increased forest cover by only four per cent.

Key Developments

  • Target for forest‑quality improvement: 1.4 million ha → actual: 0.11 million ha.
  • Planned increase in forest cover: 4 % → actual increase: 4 % (barely).
  • Convergence with CAMPA and MGNREGS never materialised.
  • India’s commitment under the Paris Agreement was tied to GIM’s success.
  • 2024 launch of Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam tree‑planting drive reporting 140 crore saplings, but forest data show limited real forest gain.

Important Facts

The ISFR 2023 shows a net increase of 1,445 sq km in green cover, yet only 156 sq km is classified as true forest. The remaining 1,289 sq km is merely tree cover outside recorded forests, indicating that planting trees does not automatically translate into forest restoration.

The Aravalli range, one of the most degraded mountain systems, is slated for a “Green Wall” planting. However, the area suffers from mining scars, invasive species like vilayati kikar, and chronic encroachment. Planting alone cannot reverse these deep‑seated ecological damages.

Exam Relevance

Understanding the gap between policy intent and implementation is crucial for

Read Original on hindu

CAG audit exposes Green India Mission’s huge shortfall – a warning for UPSC aspirants

Key Facts

  1. Green India Mission (GIM) ने 1.4 million hectares पर वन गुणवत्ता में सुधार करने का लक्ष्य रखा था; केवल 0.11 million hectares वास्तव में सुधारे गए।
  2. वन आवरण में लक्षित वृद्धि 4% थी; वास्तविक वृद्धि लगभग 4% ही थी, जो न्यूनतम लाभ दर्शाती है।
  3. CAMPA (Compensatory Afforestation Fund) और MGNREGS (ग्रामीण वेतन योजना) से प्राप्त फंड GIM परियोजनाओं से जुड़े नहीं थे।
  4. India’s Paris Agreement के तहत 2030 तक अतिरिक्त 2.5‑3 billion tonnes कार्बन सिंक का वचन GIM की सफलता पर निर्भर करता है।
  5. 2024 के Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam अभियान ने 140 crore पौधों की रिपोर्ट की, लेकिन वन‑आवरण डेटा में वास्तविक वन वृद्धि बहुत कम दिखती है।
  6. ISFR 2023 ने शुद्ध हरे‑आवरण में 1,445 sq km की वृद्धि दर्ज की, लेकिन केवल 156 sq km वास्तविक वन था; बाकी वृक्ष आवरण वनों के बाहर था।

Background & Context

GIM is a flagship scheme under the National Action Plan on Climate Change, meant to boost forest health and carbon sinks. The audit reveals poor inter‑agency coordination, weak fund utilisation, and inadequate monitoring – all core topics in the UPSC syllabus on environment, governance and public finance.

UPSC Syllabus Connections

GS2•Constitutional posts, bodies and their powers and functionsEssay•Environment and SustainabilityPrelims_GS•Ecology and Biodiversity

Mains Answer Angle

In Mains, this issue can be framed as a question on the effectiveness of forest‑restoration policies and the role of audit institutions. It fits GS‑III (Environment) and GS‑IV (Governance and Accountability).

Analysis

Related PYQs

No related PYQs linked to this article yet.

Practice Questions

GS3
Medium
Prelims MCQ

Green India Mission – targets vs achievement

1 marks
4 keywords
GS3
Easy
Mains Short Answer

Implementation gaps in forest policy

5 marks
4 keywords
GS3
Hard
Mains Essay

Tree‑planting vs ecosystem‑based restoration

25 marks
5 keywords
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