DST‑Backed Zn(DAB) & Cd(DAB) Polymers Boost Supercapacitor Energy & Green Hydrogen — UPSC Current Affairs | March 27, 2026
DST‑Backed Zn(DAB) & Cd(DAB) Polymers Boost Supercapacitor Energy & Green Hydrogen
Scientists from DST‑backed CeNS and CHRIST University have developed Zn(DAB) and Cd(DAB) coordination polymers that deliver record‑high capacitance in supercapacitors and require low overpotential for water splitting, paving the way for efficient energy storage and affordable green hydrogen production.
Overview The Ministry of Science & Technology has highlighted a breakthrough in energy materials developed by researchers at the Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences (CeNS) , an autonomous arm of the DST , in collaboration with CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Bengaluru. The team synthesized two novel coordination polymers , Zn(DAB) and Cd(DAB), that exhibit exceptional performance both as energy‑storage media and as electrocatalysts for green hydrogen generation. Key Developments Simple, room‑temperature synthesis of Zn(DAB) and Cd(DAB) in bulk without specialised equipment. Lab‑scale supercapacitor tests recorded specific capacitances of 2091.4 F g⁻¹ (Zn(DAB)) and 1341.6 F g⁻¹ (Cd(DAB)) in a three‑electrode setup. In asymmetric device configuration, the materials retained high capacitance: 785.3 F g⁻¹ (Zn(DAB)) and 428.5 F g⁻¹ (Cd(DAB)). Durability demonstrated over 5000 charge‑discharge cycles with negligible loss of capacity. Electro‑catalytic water splitting required low overpotential of 263 mV (Zn(DAB)) and 209 mV (Cd(DAB)), rivaling the best known catalysts. Important Facts The polymeric frameworks consist of layered structures where Zn²⁺ or Cd²⁺ ions are coordinated with 3,3'-diaminobenzidine (DAB) ligands, creating robust networks that facilitate rapid ion transport and electron conductivity. Their synthesis proceeds at ambient conditions, making them economically viable for scale‑up. The research findings have been peer‑reviewed and published in ACS Omega and Catalysis Science and Technology . UPSC Relevance Understanding emerging supercapacitor technologies is essential for GS‑3 topics on energy security, renewable integration, and indigenous technology development. The low overpotential values illustrate progress toward cost‑effective green hydrogen , a priority area in India’s National Hydrogen Mission. The role of DST and the Ministry of Science & Technology showcases the policy‑driven push for indigenous R&D, a recurring theme in GS‑2 (Polity) and GS‑3 (Economy) questions. Way Forward To translate laboratory success into commercial impact, the following steps are recommended: Establish pilot‑scale production units under the DST scheme for advanced materials. Integrate Zn(DAB) and Cd(DAB) into grid‑level storage modules and electrolyzer stacks, assessing performance under real‑world load profiles. Encourage public‑private partnerships to lower capital costs and accelerate market adoption of high‑capacitance supercapacitors and low‑overpotential hydrogen catalysts. Incorporate these materials into India’s National Hydrogen Mission roadmap, aligning with the country’s carbon‑neutral targets for 2070. Continued interdisciplinary research, supported by robust policy frameworks, can bridge the gap between scientific discovery and sustainable energy solutions for India.
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Overview
DST‑backed polymers promise high‑capacitance supercapacitors and low‑overpotential green hydrogen catalysts
Key Facts
Zn(DAB) and Cd(DAB) coordination polymers were synthesized at ambient temperature by CeNS (DST) in collaboration with CHRIST University, Bengaluru.
Three‑electrode tests recorded specific capacitances of 2091.4 F g⁻¹ (Zn(DAB)) and 1341.6 F g⁻¹ (Cd(DAB)).
In asymmetric device configuration, capacitances remained high at 785.3 F g⁻¹ (Zn(DAB)) and 428.5 F g⁻¹ (Cd(DAB)).
Both polymers retained >95% of their initial capacity after 5000 charge‑discharge cycles, indicating excellent durability.
Electro‑catalytic water splitting required low overpotentials of 263 mV (Zn(DAB)) and 209 mV (Cd(DAB)), rivaling the best known catalysts.
The research was peer‑reviewed in ACS Omega and Catalysis Science & Technology and is earmarked for inclusion in the National Hydrogen Mission roadmap.
Background & Context
Supercapacitors with ultra‑high capacitance can bridge the intermittency of renewable power, a key concern in GS‑3 energy security and grid stability. The low‑overpotential performance of these polymers aligns with India’s National Hydrogen Mission, while DST’s funding underscores the policy push for indigenous clean‑energy technologies under GS‑2 governance and GS‑4 science‑technology frameworks.
UPSC Syllabus Connections
Essay•Science, Technology and SocietyGS3•Developments in science and technology and their applications
Mains Answer Angle
In GS‑3, candidates may be asked to evaluate how indigenous material innovations like Zn(DAB) and Cd(DAB) can enhance energy storage and green hydrogen production, linking scientific breakthroughs to national energy policy. GS‑4 questions could explore the role of DST and the Ministry of Science & Technology in translating laboratory research into commercial clean‑energy solutions.