<h2>Overview</h2>
<p>The <span class="key-term" data-definition="e‑Courts Mission Mode Project — a Government of India initiative to digitise the judiciary, providing online case filing, video‑conferencing and data transparency (GS2: Polity)">e‑Courts Mission Mode Project</span> aims to create a faster, transparent and citizen‑friendly justice delivery system. Phase III (2023‑2027) receives a massive outlay of <strong>₹7,210 crore</strong>, building on the foundations laid in Phases I and II.</p>
<h3>Key Developments (Phase III)</h3>
<ul>
<li>Digitisation of legacy and ongoing case records – now over <strong>660.36 crore pages</strong> are available in digital form.</li>
<li>Establishment of <strong>2,444 eSewaKendras</strong> to assist citizens and lawyers with e‑services.</li>
<li>Expansion of video‑conferencing to **all** courts, jails and hospitals, with <strong>3.97 crore hearings</strong> already conducted via this mode.</li>
<li>Launch of AI‑driven tools – defect‑identification module (Supreme Court + IIT Madras) and <span class="key-term" data-definition="Legal Research and Analysis Assistant (LegRAA) — an AI‑based assistant that helps judges and lawyers with legal research and drafting (GS2: Polity)">LegRAA</span> – to speed up case analysis.</li>
<li>Upgrade of the <span class="key-term" data-definition="Case Information System (CIS) — a software platform that manages case records, schedules and orders, enabling digital case flow in courts (GS2: Polity)">Case Information System (CIS)</span> to version 4.0, enhancing objectivity and speed.</li>
<li>Migration of all e‑Courts portals to the NIC’s cloud and adoption of the <span class="key-term" data-definition="Secure, Scalable, and Sugamya Website as a Service (S3WAAS) — a cloud‑based platform for hosting court websites with accessibility features (GS2: Polity)">S3WAAS</span> platform.</li>
</ul>
<h3>Important Facts</h3>
<ul>
<li>Phase I (2011) outlay: <strong>₹935 crore</strong>; computerised 14,249 courts.</li>
<li>Phase II (2015‑2023) outlay: <strong>₹1,670 crore</strong>; courts computerised rose to 18,735 (31.5% increase); video‑conferencing facilities grew 557% to 3,240 courts.</li>
<li>Electronic filing (eFiling) platform recorded <strong>1.07 crore cases</strong> filed electronically.</li>
<li>Live‑streaming of court proceedings now available in 11 High Courts, including recent additions: Uttarakhand, Calcutta, Telangana, Meghalaya.</li>
<li>Emerging technologies such as <span class="key-term" data-definition="Artificial Intelligence (AI) — computer systems that mimic human intelligence; used in courts for document analysis, prediction and workflow automation (GS3: Technology & Governance)">Artificial Intelligence (AI)</span> and <span class="key-term" data-definition="Optical Character Recognition (OCR) — technology that converts scanned images of text into machine‑readable data, facilitating digitisation of paper records (GS3: Technology & Governance)">Opti
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