Overview In preparation for the summer fire season, fire prevention initiatives have been launched in the core and buffer areas of the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve (MTR) . Officials anticipate a potentially higher risk of fires this year due to the intense cold season, which has resulted in significant drying of undergrowth, increasing the amount of biomass that could fuel fires. Key Developments Fire Line Creation and Maintenance Approximately 300 km of fire lines are being created in the core area of the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve . Around 400 km of fire lines are being prepared in the buffer zone. Fire lines, which are breaks in foliage measuring between 6 and 15 meters wide, are designed to contain fires and prevent their rapid spread. These lines are being drawn along the inter-State border with Karnataka , as well as within forest ranges and divisions. Controlled Burning Controlled burning of undergrowth is being conducted in approximately 15 km on both sides of the National Highway that passes through the tiger reserve. In the buffer zone, controlled burns will also be undertaken in the coming days and weeks. Resource Mobilization The buffer zone will temporarily employ 40 fire watchers from surrounding villages. A remodelled van has been purchased to transport fire watchers and firefighting equipment to remote areas. Water troughs are being filled to provide water for both wildlife and firefighting efforts. Equipment such as tractors, water tanks, air blowers, fire rakes, and headlamps have been readied for use in emergencies. Technological Interventions and Awareness Thermal cameras and drone cameras are being used to maintain vigilance in forest areas and deter people from starting fires. Tourists are being educated about fire safety to prevent accidental fires due to negligence. Broader Implementation Fire prevention works are being carried out not only in MTR but also in the Nilgiris and Gudalur forest divisions. UPSC Relevance This news is relevant to GS3: Environment and Ecology , specifically concerning biodiversity conservation, disaster management, and forest management. The measures taken by the Mudumalai Tiger Reserve are crucial for protecting wildlife habitats and preventing significant ecological damage from wildfires. Important Facts Mudumalai Tiger Reserve (MTR): Located in the Nilgiri Mountains, it is a critical habitat for tigers and other endangered species. Fire Lines: These are essential for controlling the spread of wildfires by creating breaks in vegetation. Controlled Burning: A forest management technique used to reduce the risk of uncontrolled wildfires by removing dry undergrowth. Buffer Zone: An area surrounding a protected area that helps to mitigate external pressures on the core zone. Thermal and Drone Cameras: Used for surveillance to detect and prevent potential fire hazards.