Overview
On January 16, 2026, the Commission for Air Quality Management (CAQM) in NCR and Adjoining Areas invoked the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) curbs due to an increasing trend in air pollution levels. This decision was made after the air quality index (AQI) showed a marked increase, prompting concerns about further deterioration.
Key Developments
Air Quality Index (AQI) Trends
- On January 15, 2026, the AQI in Delhi was recorded at 343 at 4 p.m.
- By January 16, 2026, the AQI rose to 354 at 4 p.m., indicating a worsening air quality situation.
Forecasts and Predictions
The India Meteorological Department (IMD) and the Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM) have forecasted that due to slow wind speed, a stable atmosphere, unfavorable weather parameters, and a lack of pollutant dispersal, Delhi’s average AQI is likely to breach the 400-mark. This would push the air quality into the ‘severe’ category in the coming days.
GRAP Implementation
- The CAQM sub-committee on GRAP decided to invoke all actions as envisaged under Stage-III of the extant GRAP with immediate effect across the entire NCR.
- This proactive measure aims to prevent further deterioration of air quality.
- While GRAP 3 restrictions were revoked on January 2, 2026, after air quality improved, several preventive and control measures under GRAP 1 and 2 continue across the NCR.
Understanding GRAP
The Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP) is a set of measures implemented in Delhi-NCR to combat air pollution. It categorizes air quality into four stages:
- Poor: AQI 201-300
- Very Poor: AQI 301-400
- Severe: AQI 401-450
- Severe Plus: AQI above 450
Factors Contributing to Air Pollution
Unfavorable meteorological conditions, combined with vehicular emissions, stubble burning, firecrackers, and other local pollution sources, often push air quality in Delhi-NCR to hazardous levels during the winter season.
Exam Relevance
This news is relevant to GS3: Environment, specifically concerning pollution and conservation efforts. Understanding the role of CAQM, the implementation of GRAP, and the factors contributing to air pollution are crucial for Mains questions on environmental governance and policy.
Important Facts for UPSC
- CAQM: Commission for Air Quality Management in NCR and Adjoining Areas
- GRAP: Graded Response Action Plan
- AQI: Air Quality Index
- IMD: India Meteorological Department
- IITM: Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology