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MAINS
The Main Examination — the second stage of the UPSC Civil Services Examination. It comprises 9 written papers (including 4 GS papers, 1 Essay, 2 Optional Subject papers, and 2 qualifying language papers) with a total of 1750 marks.
A constitutional writ (Article 32/226) issued by a court commanding a public authority to perform a duty it is legally bound to perform but has failed or refused to do.
A statistical process used by UPSC to standardise scores across different Optional subjects so that candidates choosing different subjects are compared fairly.
Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 — guarantees 100 days of wage employment per year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
A bill dealing with taxation, government borrowing, or expenditure from the Consolidated Fund (Article 110). It can only be introduced in Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha cannot reject it.
A seasonal reversal of wind direction that brings heavy rainfall to the Indian subcontinent, primarily from June to September (Southwest Monsoon). It is critical for Indian agriculture and water resources.