Overview The NCRMP was launched by the MHA to make people and assets in cyclone‑hazard zones disaster‑resilient while preserving the coastal ecosystem. Key Developments Phase‑I (Jan 2011 – Dec 2018) : Implemented in Andhra Pradesh and Odisha ; expenditure ₹2,524.84 crore . Phase‑II (Jul 2015 – Mar 2023) : Covered Goa , Gujarat , Karnataka , Kerala , Maharashtra and West Bengal ; expenditure ₹1,806.84 crore . Core components: Early Warning Dissemination System ; Multi‑Purpose Cyclone Shelters , evacuation/approach roads & bridges, saline embankments & underground cabling; technical assistance for multi‑hazard risk management; and project management support. Implementation support: establishment of a Project Monitoring Unit (PMU) at the centre and parallel units in the states; extensive capacity‑building through training and awareness drives. Important Facts Total outlay for both phases: ₹4,331.68 crore . Eight cyclone‑prone states benefitted, covering both the east and west coasts of India. Project timeline spanned over a decade, reflecting long‑term planning and inter‑governmental coordination. Information disclosed by Shri Nityanand Rai in a written reply to a Rajya Sabha question. UPSC Relevance The scheme illustrates the nexus of disaster management , coastal ecosystem conservation and fiscal federalism . It is pertinent to GS‑2 (Polity) for understanding central‑state coordination mechanisms, to GS‑3 (Economy & Environment) for assessing the economic implications of climate‑resilient infrastructure, and to GS‑4 (Ethics) for evaluating the ethical imperative of safeguarding vulnerable populations. Way Forward Regular maintenance and periodic upgrades of shelters, embankments and warning systems to keep pace with changing cyclone patterns. Integration of climate‑change projections into future risk‑mitigation planning. Strengthening community participation through localized drills and awareness programmes. Leveraging technology (e.g., GIS, remote sensing) for real‑time risk assessment and response.