Overview On December 4, 2025 , the External Affairs Minister, S. Jaishankar , addressed the Rajya Sabha , stating that Punjab has the highest number of human trafficking cases in the country. This announcement underscores the severity of human trafficking as a national issue and the government's efforts to combat it. Key Developments State Government Actions Punjab: The Punjab Government has established a Special Investigation Team (SIT) and a fact-finding committee to investigate these cases. FIRs and Arrests in Punjab: As per the information provided, 25 FIRs have been registered against 58 illegal travel agents , leading to 16 arrests . Haryana: The State of Haryana has registered 2,325 cases , with 44 FIRs and 27 arrests . Gujarat: One significant trafficker has been arrested by the State of Gujarat. National Investigation Agency (NIA) Involvement Anti-Human Trafficking Division: The NIA established an anti-human trafficking division some years ago, which now has a mandate to cover human trafficking cases. NIA Investigations: The NIA has registered and investigated 27 human trafficking cases , resulting in 169 arrests and charge sheets against 132 individuals . Arrests: The NIA arrested two important traffickers in Haryana and Punjab on August 7, 2025 , and two more people in Himachal Pradesh on October 2, 2025 . UPSC Relevance This news is relevant to the UPSC syllabus under GS1 (Social Issues) , GS2 (Governance) , and GS3 (Security) . It highlights the issue of human trafficking, which is a significant social problem, and the measures taken by the government to address it. Understanding the roles of the NIA and state governments in combating human trafficking is crucial for the exam. Important Facts for Prelims State with Maximum Cases: Punjab has the highest number of human trafficking cases. NIA's Role: The NIA has an anti-human trafficking division. Arrests: Arrests made in Haryana, Punjab, and Himachal Pradesh. Mains Exam Perspective For the Mains exam, consider the following angles: Analyze the reasons behind Punjab having the highest number of cases. Evaluate the effectiveness of the NIA in combating human trafficking. Discuss the role of state governments in preventing human trafficking. Essay Themes Human Trafficking: A violation of human rights. The role of law enforcement in combating human trafficking.