Overview On 2 April 2026 , the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) launched two drone strikes on Al‑Jabalain Hospital in the White Nile province. The attacks hit an operating theatre and a maternity ward, killing 10 people (including seven medical staff) and injuring at least 19 . Victims were moved to a hospital in Kosti, about 80 km away. Key Developments Two drone strikes targeted a civilian hospital, marking a new escalation in the Sudan conflict . MSF confirmed the death toll and highlighted that the strike occurred during a children’s immunisation campaign. The WHO had earlier recorded over 200 attacks on health facilities since the war began. Local rights group Emergency Lawyers reported a simultaneous strike on a medical‑supply depot in Rabak. Sudan’s Minister of Culture, Information, Antiquities and Tourism, Khalid Aleisir , condemned the attack and urged the international community to label the RSF as a terrorist organisation. Important Facts Casualties: 10 dead (7 medical staff) and 19 injured . Location: White Nile , specifically Al‑Jabalain Hospital and a supply depot in Rabak. Context: The war, which started in April 2023, has already claimed > 40,000 lives (UN estimate) and witnessed > 200 attacks on health facilities (WHO, March 2026). Humanitarian impact: The strike disrupted a children’s immunisation drive and further strained an already collapsing health system. UPSC Relevance The incident illustrates several themes frequently asked in the UPSC mains and prelims: Humanitarian law and protection of civilians – Attacks on hospitals contravene the Geneva Conventions and customary international law (GS2: Polity). Non‑state armed groups – The RSF’s role underscores the challenges of regulating paramilitary forces in fragile states (GS2: Polity). Health security – Repeated assaults on health infrastructure affect public health outcomes, disease control, and humanitarian assistance (GS3: Society & Social Issues). International response – Calls for terrorist designation of the RSF raise questions about UN mechanisms, sanctions, and regional geopolitics (GS2: Polity). Way Forward To mitigate further deterioration of Sudan’s health sector, the following steps are recommended: Strengthen monitoring and reporting of attacks on health facilities through UN‑WHO mechanisms. Mobilise diplomatic pressure to enforce compliance with international humanitarian law, including possible terrorist‑listing of the RSF. Scale up humanitarian corridors and protect medical supply routes, especially for immunisation campaigns. Encourage regional bodies (AU, IGAD) to mediate a cease‑fire and facilitate a political settlement.