Overview The Ministry of Science & Technology convened a governing‑body meeting of the National Mineral Exploration and Development Trust (NMET) . Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh outlined a roadmap to scale up critical mineral exploration, foster a startup‑driven mining ecosystem, and create robust domestic value chains. Key Developments Accelerate exploration of lithium and other critical minerals in zones like the Siwana belt (Rajasthan) and Salal‑Haimna block (J&K). Promote participation of Indian startups by replicating the biotech ecosystem’s institutional support, incentives, and hand‑holding mechanisms. Strengthen the role of Notified Private Exploration Agencies (NPEAs) through better access to technology, finance, and faster project clearances. Address forest‑clearance bottlenecks and streamline pre‑exploration approvals to maintain momentum. Involve MPs and State legislators in exploration areas to raise local awareness and smooth implementation. Develop processing and value‑addition hubs in Maharashtra, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Gujarat to close the domestic supply chain. Seek international cooperation for advanced technologies while prioritising indigenous R&D through CSIR–IMMT and the DAE . Important Facts The meeting, co‑chaired by Union Minister G. Kishan Reddy (Coal & Mines), featured senior officials from the Ministry of Mines, directors of CSIR–IMMT , the Atomic Minerals Directorate, and representatives from Rajasthan, Telangana and Maharashtra. NMET’s annual plan includes funding for pilot projects, startup initiatives, and state incentives aimed at recovering critical minerals. UPSC Relevance Understanding the push for critical minerals is vital for GS‑3 (Economy) and GS‑2 (Polity) as it links to India’s strategic autonomy, renewable‑energy transition, and defence preparedness. The role of institutions like CSIR–IMMT and the DAE illustrates the interplay between scientific research and policy implementation, a recurring theme in GS‑3 essays. Way Forward To translate policy intent into results, the government should: Institutionalise fast‑track clearances for exploration and processing projects. Set up a dedicated fund under NMET for startup incubation, technology acquisition and pilot‑scale plants. Formalise the role of elected representatives as liaison officers in mineral‑rich districts. Launch a national skill‑development programme for mining and mineral‑processing technicians. Periodically review progress through a multi‑ministerial steering committee to ensure alignment with strategic goals. These steps will help India reduce import dependence, create jobs, and secure the raw material base needed for emerging technologies.