Overview Union Minister Dr. Jitendra Singh engaged with the Mumbai Industry on November 25, 2025 , to discuss the ₹1 lakh crore Research, Development and Innovation (RDI) Fund . This fund, announced by PM Narendra Modi on November 3, 2025 , is designed to be a transformational catalyst for private-sector driven R&D, intellectual property (IP) creation, and commercialization in sunrise technologies. Key Developments RDI Fund Objectives Private-Sector Led Innovation: The RDI Fund aims to drive private-sector led deep-tech innovation. Global Leadership: It seeks to position India as a global leader in key technology domains. Financial Support: Long-term, low-interest loans and equity-based risk capital will support private-sector R&D. Strategic Sectors: Focus areas include AI, semiconductors, clean energy, biotechnology, space, and other strategic areas. Implementation and Allocation First Tranche Allocation: The initial allocation is directed to the Technology Development Board (TDB) and BIRAC as second-level fund managers. Open Application: Additional entities are encouraged to apply through a structured selection process. Budgetary Support: The Budget 2025–26 allocated ₹20,000 crore for the Fund’s initial implementation. India's Innovation Ecosystem Global Ranking: India ranks 3rd in scientific research output, 6th in patent grants, and 39th in the Global Innovation Index. Startup Growth: The start-up ecosystem has grown to over 1.7 lakh start-ups, including 6,000 deep-tech ventures. Job Creation: These start-ups have created over 17 lakh jobs. Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF) Convergence: The RDI Fund converges with the Anusandhan National Research Foundation (ANRF) . Mission Areas: ANRF has initiated missions in EVs, 2D materials, MedTech, and AI for Science and Engineering. Support: It supports frontier research, early-career scientists, state universities, and diaspora researchers. UPSC Relevance This initiative is highly relevant for the UPSC Civil Services Exam, particularly for GS Paper III (Science and Technology, Economy) and GS Paper II (Government Policies) . The RDI Fund and ANRF are key government initiatives aimed at boosting India's innovation ecosystem and technological capabilities. Potential Exam Questions Discuss the objectives and significance of the RDI Fund in promoting private sector participation in R&D. Evaluate the role of ANRF in fostering scientific research and innovation in India. Analyze the impact of government policies on India's start-up ecosystem and technological advancements.